1Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 610041 Chengdu, China.
2Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 610041 Chengdu, China.
Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2019 Sep 20;4:35. doi: 10.1038/s41392-019-0070-9. eCollection 2019.
T cells in the immune system protect the human body from infection by pathogens and clear mutant cells through specific recognition by T cell receptors (TCRs). Cancer immunotherapy, by relying on this basic recognition method, boosts the antitumor efficacy of T cells by unleashing the inhibition of immune checkpoints and expands adaptive immunity by facilitating the adoptive transfer of genetically engineered T cells. T cells genetically equipped with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) or TCRs have shown remarkable effectiveness in treating some hematological malignancies, although the efficacy of engineered T cells in treating solid tumors is far from satisfactory. In this review, we summarize the development of genetically engineered T cells, outline the most recent studies investigating genetically engineered T cells for cancer immunotherapy, and discuss strategies for improving the performance of these T cells in fighting cancers.
免疫系统中的 T 细胞通过 T 细胞受体（TCRs）的特异性识别，保护人体免受病原体感染并清除突变细胞。癌症免疫疗法依赖于这种基本识别方法，通过释放免疫检查点的抑制作用和促进基因工程 T 细胞的过继转移来增强 T 细胞的抗肿瘤疗效。嵌合抗原受体（CARs）或 TCR 基因修饰的 T 细胞在治疗某些血液系统恶性肿瘤方面显示出显著的疗效，尽管基因工程 T 细胞在治疗实体瘤方面的疗效还远不能令人满意。在这篇综述中，我们总结了基因工程 T 细胞的发展，概述了最近关于基因工程 T 细胞用于癌症免疫治疗的研究，并讨论了提高这些 T 细胞抗癌性能的策略。
