Scott Holly, Biello Stephany M, Woods Heather Cleland
School of Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
School of Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
BMJ Open. 2019 Oct 22;9(9):e031161. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031161.
This study examines associations between social media use and multiple sleep parameters in a large representative adolescent sample, controlling for a wide range of covariates.
The authors used cross-sectional data from the Millennium Cohort Study, a large nationally representative UK birth cohort study.
Data from 11 872 adolescents (aged 13-15 years) were used in analyses.
Six self-reported sleep parameters captured sleep timing and quality: sleep onset and wake times (on school days and free days), sleep onset latency (time taken to fall asleep) and trouble falling back asleep after nighttime awakening. Binomial logistic regressions investigated associations between daily social media use and each sleep parameter, controlling for a range of relevant covariates.
Average social media use was 1 to <3 hours per day (31.6%, n=3720). 33.7% were classed as low users (<1 hour; n=3986); 13.9% were high users (3 to <5 hours; n=1602) and 20.8% were very high users (5+ hours; n=2203). Girls reported spending more time on social media than boys. Overall, heavier social media use was associated with poorer sleep patterns, controlling for covariates. For example, very high social media users were more likely than comparable average users to report late sleep onset (OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.83 to 2.50) and wake times (OR 1.97, 95% CI 1.32 to 2.93) on school days and trouble falling back asleep after nighttime awakening (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.66).
This study provides a normative profile of UK adolescent social media use and sleep. Results indicate statistically and practically significant associations between social media use and sleep patterns, particularly late sleep onset. Sleep education and interventions can focus on supporting young people to balance online interactions with an appropriate sleep schedule that allows sufficient sleep on school nights.
本研究在一个具有广泛代表性的青少年样本中，考察社交媒体使用与多个睡眠参数之间的关联，并控制一系列协变量。
作者使用了千禧队列研究的横断面数据，这是一项具有全国代表性的大型英国出生队列研究。
分析使用了11872名青少年（年龄在13至15岁之间）的数据。
通过六项自我报告的睡眠参数来记录睡眠时间和质量：入睡时间和起床时间（上学日和休息日）、入睡潜伏期（入睡所需时间）以及夜间醒来后再次入睡困难情况。二项逻辑回归分析考察了每日社交媒体使用与每个睡眠参数之间的关联，并控制了一系列相关协变量。
社交媒体的平均使用时间为每天1至不到3小时（31.6%，n = 3720）。33.7%被归类为低使用者（<1小时；n = 3986）；13.9%为高使用者（3至不到5小时；n = 1602），20.8%为非常高使用者（5小时以上；n = 2203）。女孩报告在社交媒体上花费的时间比男孩多。总体而言，在控制协变量后，更多地使用社交媒体与较差的睡眠模式相关。例如，与可比的平均使用者相比，社交媒体使用非常高的使用者在上学日更有可能报告入睡晚（比值比2.14，95%置信区间1.83至2.50）和起床晚（比值比1.97，95%置信区间1.32至2.93），以及夜间醒来后再次入睡困难（比值比1.36，95%置信区间1.10至1.66）。
本研究提供了英国青少年社交媒体使用和睡眠的规范性概况。结果表明，社交媒体使用与睡眠模式之间存在统计学和实际意义上的显著关联，尤其是入睡晚。睡眠教育和干预可以侧重于支持年轻人平衡在线互动与适当的睡眠时间表，以便在上学日晚上有足够的睡眠。
