Breast reconstruction with autologous fat combined with platelet rich plasma: fighting between medical novelty and cancer biology.

The use of autologous fat transplantation for reconstruction purposes after mastectomy or Breast Conserving Treatment (BCT) for Breast Cancer (BC) has increased significantly the past twenty years. Adipose-derived stemm cells hold great tissue regenerative potential due to their established ability to improve the healing process through in situ differentiation and secretion of paracrine factors. Platelet-rich Plasma (PRP), contains high levels of diverse human growth factors for stem cells proliferation and differentiation in the course of tissue regeneration, and it has recently been accepted by many as a highly promising method for tissue regeneration. The molecular mechanisms mediating this effect are unclear and still remain under investigation. Major disadvantages on the use of PRP are not reported. Promising results in enhancing the survival of grafted fat has been shown with PRP with the potential of affecting patient's oncological outcome when applied on tumor excision sites.