Seura Takahiro, Fukuwatari Tsutomu
Department of Sports and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Aichi Shukutoku University.
Graduate School of Human Cultures, The University of Shiga Prefecture.
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2019;65(5):414-420. doi: 10.3177/jnsv.65.414.
The Japanese diet (JD) is accepted as a healthy dietary pattern, which has protective effects against cancer and cardiovascular diseases. However, it remains unclear whether there is any association between the JD and fecal microbiota composition. This cross-sectional study examined the relationship between JD scores and fecal microbiota in young Japanese adults, through the analysis of fecal microbiota using the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) method. JD scores were calculated with regard to nine food groups (rice, miso soup, pickles, green and yellow vegetables, seaweeds, fish, green tea, meat, and coffee) based on a brief self-administered diet-history questionnaire. JD total scores were categorized as low (score 0-3) or high (score 4-8). The high-scoring JD group exhibited a significantly higher relative abundance of Bacteroides than the low JD group, whereas the low JD group exhibited a significantly higher relative abundance of Prevotella than the high JD group. With regard to food group intakes, a higher consumption of rice was associated with a significantly lower relative abundance of Prevotella, whereas a higher consumption of green tea was associated with a significantly higher relative abundance of Bifidobacterium. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating an association between JD score and fecal microbiota and may allow the prediction of changes in fecal microbiota due to changes in the JD.
日本饮食（JD）被认为是一种健康的饮食模式，对癌症和心血管疾病具有保护作用。然而，JD与粪便微生物群组成之间是否存在关联仍不清楚。这项横断面研究通过使用末端限制性片段长度多态性（T-RFLP）方法分析粪便微生物群，研究了年轻日本成年人中JD评分与粪便微生物群之间的关系。基于一份简短的自我管理饮食史问卷，对九个食物组（大米、味噌汤、泡菜、绿色和黄色蔬菜、海藻、鱼类、绿茶、肉类和咖啡）计算JD评分。JD总分分为低（0-3分）或高（4-8分）。高JD评分组的拟杆菌相对丰度显著高于低JD组，而低JD组的普雷沃氏菌相对丰度显著高于高JD组。关于食物组摄入量，大米摄入量较高与普雷沃氏菌相对丰度显著较低相关，而绿茶摄入量较高与双歧杆菌相对丰度显著较高相关。据我们所知，这是第一项证明JD评分与粪便微生物群之间存在关联的研究，并且可能有助于预测由于JD变化导致的粪便微生物群变化。
