Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
Joint first authors.
J Glob Health. 2019 Dec;9(2):020701. doi: 10.7189/jogh.09.020701.
Millennium Development Goal 4 (MDGs) mobilised countries to reduce child mortality by two thirds the 1990 rate in 2015. While India did not reach MDG 4, it considerably reduced child mortality in the MDG-era. Efficient and targeted interventions and adequate monitoring are necessary to further progress in improvements to child health. Looking forward to the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG)-era, the Indian Council of Medical Research and The INCLEN Trust International conducted a national research priority setting exercise for maternal, child, newborn health, and maternal and child nutrition. Here, results are reported for child health.
The Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative (CHNRI) method for research priority setting was employed. Research ideas were crowd-sourced from a network of child health experts from across India; these were refined and consolidated into research options (ROs) which were scored against five weighted criteria to arrive weighted Research Priority Scores (wRPS). National and regional priority lists were prepared.
90 experts contributed 596 ideas that were consolidated into 101 research options (ROs). These were scored by 233 experts nationwide. National wRPS for ROs ranged between 0.92 and 0.51. The majority of the top research priorities related to development of cost-effective interventions and their implementation, and impact evaluations, improving data quality; and monitoring of existing programs, or improving the management of morbidities. The research priorities varied between regions, the Economic Action Group and North-Eastern states prioritised questions relating to delivering interventions at community- or household-level, whereas the North-Eastern states and Union Territories prioritised research questions involving managing and measuring malaria, and the Southern and Western states prioritised research questions involving pharmacovigilance of vaccines, impact of newly introduced vaccines, and delivery of vaccines to hard-to-reach populations.
Research priorities varied geographically, according the stage of development of the area and mostly pertained to implementation sciences, which was expected given diversity in epidemiological profiles. Priority setting should help guide investment decisions by national and international agencies, therefore encouraging researchers to focus on priority areas. The ICMR has launched a grants programme for implementation research on maternal and child health to pursue research priorities identified by this exercise.
千年发展目标 4（MDGs）动员各国在 2015 年将儿童死亡率比 1990 年降低三分之二。虽然印度没有实现千年发展目标 4，但在千年发展目标时期，它大大降低了儿童死亡率。为了在改善儿童健康方面取得进一步进展，需要采取高效和有针对性的干预措施，并进行充分监测。展望可持续发展目标（SDG）时代，印度医学研究理事会和 INCLEN 信托国际为母婴、儿童、新生儿健康以及母婴营养开展了国家研究重点制定工作。在这里，报告了儿童健康方面的结果。
采用儿童健康与营养研究倡议（CHNRI）的研究重点制定方法。从印度各地的儿童健康专家网络中征集儿童健康研究创意；对这些创意进行提炼和整合，形成研究方案（RO），并根据五项加权标准对其进行评分，得出加权研究优先得分（wRPS）。制定了国家和区域优先清单。
90 名专家提出了 596 条创意，这些创意被整合为 101 项研究方案（RO）。这些 RO 由全国 233 名专家进行评分。RO 的国家 wRPS 范围在 0.92 到 0.51 之间。大多数顶级研究重点与开发具有成本效益的干预措施及其实施和影响评估、提高数据质量有关；以及监测现有方案或改善对发病率的管理。研究重点因地区而异，经济行动小组和东北地区优先考虑在社区或家庭层面提供干预措施的问题，而东北地区和联邦属地优先考虑管理和衡量疟疾以及南部和西部地区优先考虑与疫苗药物警戒、新引入疫苗的影响以及向难以到达的人群提供疫苗有关的研究问题。
研究重点因地理区域而异，这与该地区的发展阶段有关，主要涉及实施科学，这是由于流行病学特征的多样性所致。重点设置应有助于指导国家和国际机构的投资决策，因此鼓励研究人员关注优先领域。ICMR 已为母婴健康实施研究启动了一项赠款计划，以追求该活动确定的研究重点。
