The Vision Center at the Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Roski Eye Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California.
J AAPOS. 2019 Dec;23(6):337.e1-337.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2019.09.008. Epub 2019 Oct 30.
To report the results of our review of all children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who underwent complete pediatric ophthalmologic examination at our institution over a 10-year period.
The medical records of all children (0-17 years of age) with a diagnosis of ASD seen at University of California, Davis, over a 10-year period were reviewed retrospectively. Demographic data, birth history, genetic testing results, neuropsychiatric comorbidities, and ophthalmologic findings were extracted from the record. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for ophthalmologic disorders.
A total of 2,555 children with ASD were seen at the university over the study period, of whom 380 (15%) were evaluated in the ophthalmology clinic. Eye examination revealed an ophthalmic diagnosis in 71% of children, of which the most common were significant refractive error (42%), strabismus (32%), and amblyopia (19%). Optic neuropathy occurred in 14 children (4%). Cerebral palsy was a significant risk factor for refractive error (OR = 3.22; P = 0.016), strabismus (OR = 3.59; P = 0.012), amblyopia (OR = 3.49; P = 0.0097), and optic neuropathy (OR = 14.0; P = 0.0009).
Ophthalmic disorders were found in 71% of children with ASD evaluated at our university-based ophthalmology clinic. The rates of significant refractive error, strabismus, amblyopia, and optic neuropathy exceeded those of the general pediatric population. ASD and cerebral palsy may have additive risk for these disorders.
报告我们对在我院接受全面儿科眼科检查的所有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）患儿进行的回顾性研究结果。
回顾性分析了在加利福尼亚大学戴维斯分校就诊的 10 年间患有 ASD 的所有儿童（0-17 岁）的病历。从记录中提取人口统计学数据、出生史、基因检测结果、神经精神共病和眼科发现。采用多变量逻辑回归分析识别眼科疾病的危险因素。
在研究期间，共有 2555 名 ASD 患儿在该大学就诊，其中 380 名（15%）在眼科诊所接受评估。眼部检查显示 71%的患儿存在眼科诊断，其中最常见的是显著屈光不正（42%）、斜视（32%）和弱视（19%）。视神经病变发生在 14 名儿童（4%）中。脑瘫是屈光不正（OR=3.22；P=0.016）、斜视（OR=3.59；P=0.012）、弱视（OR=3.49；P=0.0097）和视神经病变（OR=14.0；P=0.0009）的显著危险因素。
在我们的大学眼科诊所评估的 ASD 患儿中，71%存在眼部疾病。显著屈光不正、斜视、弱视和视神经病变的发生率高于一般儿科人群。ASD 和脑瘫可能会增加这些疾病的风险。
