Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland.
Department of Industrial and Environmental Microbiology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
Molecules. 2019 Nov 2;24(21):3972. doi: 10.3390/molecules24213972.
The cell walls of fungi are composed of glycoproteins, chitin, and α- and β-glucans. Although there are many reports on β-glucans, α-glucan polysaccharides are not yet fully understood. This review characterizes the physicochemical properties and functions of (1→3)-α-d-glucans. Particular attention has been paid to practical application and the effect of glucans in various respects, taking into account unfavourable effects and potential use. The role of α-glucans in plant infection has been proven, and collected facts have confirmed the characteristics of infection associated with the presence of glucan in fungal cell wall. Like β-glucans, there are now evidence that α-glucans can also stimulate the immune system. Moreover, α-d-glucans have the ability to induce mutanases and can thus decompose plaque.
真菌的细胞壁由糖蛋白、几丁质和α-和β-葡聚糖组成。虽然有很多关于β-葡聚糖的报道，但α-葡聚糖多糖还没有被完全了解。这篇综述描述了（1→3）-α-d-葡聚糖的物理化学性质和功能。特别关注了葡聚糖的实际应用及其在各个方面的效果，同时考虑了不利影响和潜在用途。已经证明α-葡聚糖在植物感染中起作用，收集到的事实证实了与真菌细胞壁中葡聚糖存在相关的感染特征。与β-葡聚糖一样，现在有证据表明α-葡聚糖也可以刺激免疫系统。此外，α-d-葡聚糖具有诱导突变酶的能力，因此可以分解牙菌斑。
