Centers for American Indian and Alaska Native Health, Colorado School of Public Health, CU Anschutz Medical Campus, 13055 East 17th Ave, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, 440 Victoria Building, 3500 Victoria Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
Curr Diab Rep. 2019 Nov 4;19(11):113. doi: 10.1007/s11892-019-1241-3.
To provide an updated synopsis of the research and clinical practice findings on pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) adolescents and to describe the newly developed "Stopping GDM," an early intervention, culturally tailored risk reduction program for AIAN girls and their mothers.
Five research articles met our inclusion criteria. Three retrospective quantitative studies published in the past 10 years corroborated a 1.5 to 2 times higher prevalence for GDM for all age groups in the AIAN population as compared to other ethnic groups, and that the percentage of GDM cases attributable to overweight and obesity was highest for AIs (52.8%). Moreover, First Nations women across all age groups had more adverse pregnancy risk factors than non-First Nations women. Out of the five selected articles, two were qualitative research articles: one examined AIAN women's experiences of having GDM or type 2 diabetes (T2D) during pregnancy and the other appraised the understanding of GDM and reproductive health of at-risk AIAN girls. There is a paucity of research published on this topic. AIAN females are at high risk for developing GDM. Early, culturally responsive interventions and cohort follow-up studies are needed among adolescents and young adults, using technology that appeals to this age group.
提供关于美国印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民（AIAN）青少年妊娠和妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）的研究和临床实践发现的最新概述，并描述新开发的“阻止 GDM”，这是一个针对 AIAN 女孩及其母亲的早期干预、文化适应的风险降低计划。
符合我们纳入标准的有五篇研究文章。过去 10 年发表的三项回顾性定量研究证实，与其他族裔群体相比，所有年龄组的 AIAN 人群的 GDM 患病率高 1.5 至 2 倍，超重和肥胖导致的 GDM 病例比例在 AI 中最高（52.8%）。此外，所有年龄段的第一民族妇女的妊娠风险因素比非第一民族妇女更多。在这五篇选定的文章中，有两篇是定性研究文章：一篇研究了 AIAN 妇女在妊娠期间患有 GDM 或 2 型糖尿病（T2D）的经历，另一篇评估了高危 AIAN 女孩对 GDM 和生殖健康的理解。关于这个主题的研究很少。AIAN 女性患 GDM 的风险很高。需要在青少年和年轻人中进行早期、文化响应的干预和队列随访研究，并使用吸引该年龄段的技术。
