INRA, AGROCAMPUS OUEST, PEGASE, Saint-Gilles, 35590, France.
CSIC, Instituto Nacional de Alimentación y Nutrición (INAN), Armilla, Granada, Spain.
Eur J Nutr. 2020 Oct;59(7):2939-2951. doi: 10.1007/s00394-019-02133-y. Epub 2019 Nov 9.
A total sulfur amino acid (TSAA) deficient diet can affect the amino acid composition of skeletal muscles. However, it is unknown how the different muscle proteins are affected by the TSAA deficiency.
The proteomic profiles of the fast-twitch glycolytic longissimus (LM) and the slow-twitch oxidative rhomboideus (RM) muscles were compared in 42-day-old piglets fed either a 28% deficient (TSAA-) or a sufficient (TSAA+) diet in TSAA for 10 days. Differentially regulated proteins were identified and submitted to Gene Ontology Pathways Analysis to identify biological processes affected by TSAA deficiency.
A total of 36 proteins in LM and 24 proteins in RM differed in abundance between the two dietary treatments. In both muscles, an increased oxidative energy metabolism was observed in TSAA- piglets. However, a greater mitochondrial oxidation of pyruvate generated from glycolysis was observed in LM of TSAA- piglets, whereas fatty acid β-oxidation and glycogen sparing were favored in RM. This suggests a muscle-specific reorientation of energy metabolism in response to a TSAA- deficiency. In both muscles, the protein abundance and enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase were increased in TSAA- piglets. Other enzymes involved in antioxidant defense, heat shock proteins coping with cellular stress, and annexins involved in the regulation of apoptosis were generally found to be more expressed in the LM of TSAA- piglets, with no or minor changes in RM.
Skeletal muscle proteome in young growing piglets was modulated in a muscle-dependent manner by a deficient TSAA supply, with accentuated changes in fast-twitch glycolytic muscle.
全硫氨基酸（TSAA）缺乏的饮食会影响骨骼肌的氨基酸组成。然而，尚不清楚 TSAA 缺乏如何影响不同的肌肉蛋白。
将 42 日龄仔猪分别饲喂 TSAA 缺乏（TSAA-）或充足（TSAA+）饮食 10 天，比较快速收缩糖酵解肌（LM）和慢速收缩氧化菱形肌（RM）肌肉的蛋白质组图谱。鉴定差异调节蛋白，并提交基因本体途径分析，以确定受 TSAA 缺乏影响的生物学过程。
两种饮食处理之间，LM 中有 36 种蛋白质和 RM 中有 24 种蛋白质的丰度存在差异。在两种肌肉中，TSAA-仔猪的氧化能量代谢增加。然而，TSAA-仔猪的 LM 中观察到更多来自糖酵解的丙酮酸的线粒体氧化，而 RM 中则有利于脂肪酸β氧化和糖原储备。这表明肌肉对 TSAA 缺乏的能量代谢有特定的重新定向。在两种肌肉中，TSAA-仔猪的超氧化物歧化酶的蛋白丰度和酶活性增加。其他参与抗氧化防御、应对细胞应激的热休克蛋白和参与细胞凋亡调节的膜联蛋白通常在 TSAA-仔猪的 LM 中表达更高，而在 RM 中没有或仅有轻微变化。
年轻生长仔猪的骨骼肌蛋白质组在 TSAA 供应不足的情况下以肌肉依赖的方式发生调节，快速收缩糖酵解肌肉的变化更为明显。
