Obradovic Milan R, Wilson Heather L
Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO)-International Vaccine Centre (InterVac), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5E3, Canada; School of Public Health, Vaccinology, and Immunotherapeutics, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO)-International Vaccine Centre (InterVac), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5E3, Canada; School of Public Health, Vaccinology, and Immunotherapeutics, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2020 Jan;219:109959. doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2019.109959. Epub 2019 Oct 31.
Lawsonia intracellularis are Gram-negative, obligate intracellular bacteria that cause proliferative enteropathy (PE), an economically important disease for the pig industry. Numerous reviews have been published on the characteristics and pathogenesis of this bacterium since its isolation and taxonomic characterization, with most reviews only partially covering how the host immune response develops during infection and the immune correlates of protection. With the development of increasingly more sophisticated immunological assays and tools for the pig, the immune response against L. intracellularis at distinct stages of pathogenesis has been published. In this review, we discuss current knowledge of the pig immune response against L. intracellularis and strategies to achieve immune protection. The immune response is presented in relation to chronological progression of pathological lesions and clinical symptoms, with emphasis on innate immunity and the adaptive humoral and cell-mediated immune response. The aim is to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the host immune response with respect to the stage-dependent cellular and biochemical processes important during PE development. Also, strategies for development of immune protection and new vaccination technologies are discussed in the light of new discoveries in the field.
胞内劳森菌是革兰氏阴性专性胞内菌，可引起增生性肠炎（PE），这是一种对养猪业具有重要经济影响的疾病。自该细菌被分离和进行分类鉴定以来，已经发表了许多关于其特征和发病机制的综述，但大多数综述仅部分涵盖了感染期间宿主免疫反应如何发展以及保护性免疫相关性。随着针对猪的越来越复杂的免疫学检测方法和工具的发展，已经发表了关于发病机制不同阶段针对胞内劳森菌的免疫反应的研究。在本综述中，我们讨论了目前关于猪针对胞内劳森菌的免疫反应的知识以及实现免疫保护的策略。免疫反应是根据病理损伤和临床症状的时间进程来呈现的，重点是固有免疫以及适应性体液免疫和细胞介导的免疫反应。目的是全面了解宿主免疫反应，了解其在增生性肠炎发展过程中与阶段相关的重要细胞和生化过程。此外，根据该领域的新发现，还讨论了免疫保护的发展策略和新的疫苗接种技术。
