Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
BMC Microbiol. 2019 Nov 11;19(1):251. doi: 10.1186/s12866-019-1624-2.
Numerous prevalence studies of Vibrio spp. infection in fish have been extensively reported worldwide, including Malaysia. Unfortunately, information on the prevalence of Vibrio spp. in groupers (Epinephelus spp.) is limited. In this study, groupers obtained from nine farms located at different geographical regions in Malaysia were sampled for the presence of pathogenic Vibrio spp. and their susceptibility profiles against seven antibiotics.
Out of 270 grouper samples, 195 (72%) were detected with the presence of Vibrio spp. Vibrio communis showed highest prevalence in grouper (28%), followed by V. parahaemolyticus (25%), V. alginolyticus (19%), V. vulnificus (14%), V. rotiferianus (3%), Vibrio sp. (3%), V. campbellii (2%), V. mytili (2%), V. furnissii (2%), V. harveyi (1%), V. tubiashii (1%), V. fluvialis (0.3%) and V. diabolicus (0.3%). Assessment on the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of the Vibrio spp. revealed that majority of the isolates were susceptible to tetracycline, streptomycin, erythromycin and bacitracin, but resistance to ampicillin, penicillin G and vancomycin. The mean MAR index of the Vibrio isolates was 0.51, with 85% of the isolates showed MAR index value of higher than 0.2. Results indicate that the Vibrio spp. were continuously exposed to antibiotics. Furthermore, the plasmid profiles of Vibrio spp. showed that 38.7% of the isolates harbored plasmid with molecular weight of more than 10 kb, while 61.3% were without plasmid. During curing process, Vibrio spp. lost their plasmid, but remained resistant to ampicillin, penicillin G, bacitracin and vancomycin while a few isolates remained resistant to erythromycin, streptomycin and tetracycline. The results suggested that the resistance to antibiotics in isolated Vibrio spp. might be due to chromosomal and plasmid borne.
This study demonstrates the prevalence of Vibrio spp. in groupers and the distribution of multidrug resistance strains that could be of concern to the farmers in Malaysia. In addition, data from this study can be further used in fish disease management plan.
全球范围内已经有大量关于鱼类中弧菌属感染的流行情况研究报告，包括马来西亚。不幸的是，有关石斑鱼（Epinephelus spp.）中弧菌属感染的流行情况的信息有限。在这项研究中，从马来西亚九个不同地理位置的养殖场采集了石斑鱼样本，以检测致病性弧菌属的存在及其对七种抗生素的敏感性。
在 270 个石斑鱼样本中，有 195 个（72%）检测到弧菌属的存在。副溶血性弧菌在石斑鱼中最为普遍（28%），其次是霍乱弧菌（25%）、溶藻弧菌（19%）、创伤弧菌（14%）、拟态弧菌（3%）、弧菌属（3%）、坎贝尔氏弧菌（2%）、鳗弧菌（2%）、费氏弧菌（2%）、哈维氏弧菌（1%）、藤黄微球菌（1%）、河弧菌（0.3%）和美人鱼发光杆菌（0.3%）。对弧菌属的抗生素敏感性进行评估后发现，大多数分离株对四环素、链霉素、红霉素和杆菌肽敏感，但对氨苄西林、青霉素 G 和万古霉素有耐药性。弧菌分离株的平均 MAR 指数为 0.51，85%的分离株的 MAR 指数值高于 0.2。结果表明，弧菌属持续暴露于抗生素中。此外，弧菌属的质粒图谱显示，38.7%的分离株携带分子量大于 10kb 的质粒，而 61.3%的分离株没有质粒。在消除过程中，弧菌属失去了质粒，但仍然对氨苄西林、青霉素 G、杆菌肽和万古霉素耐药，而少数分离株仍然对红霉素、链霉素和四环素耐药。结果表明，分离株对抗生素的耐药性可能是由染色体和质粒携带的。
本研究表明，马来西亚石斑鱼中弧菌属的流行情况以及多药耐药菌株的分布令人担忧。此外，本研究的数据可进一步用于鱼类疾病管理计划。
