壳聚糖的黏度会影响含氟/锡牙膏对牙釉质腐蚀性/磨损性的功效。

Viscosity of chitosan impacts the efficacy of F/Sn containing toothpastes against erosive/abrasive wear in enamel.

机构信息

Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ingá University Center - Uningá, Road PR 317, 6114 - Parque Industrial 200, 87035-510, Maringá, Brazil; Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Dental Clinic, Justus Liebig University, Schlangenzahl Str. 14, D-35392, Giessen, Germany.

Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - FOP/Unicamp, P.O. BOX 52, 13414-903, Piracicaba, Brazil.

出版信息

J Dent. 2020 Jan;92:103247. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2019.103247. Epub 2019 Nov 16.

DOI:10.1016/j.jdent.2019.103247

PMID:31743693

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

Chitosan (Ch) in F/Sn-toothpastes can increase toothpastes' anti-erosive efficacy. Whether efficacy can be further increased by changing chitosan's viscosity was study aim.

METHODS

192 human enamel specimens were assigned to 2 × 6 groups (n = 16 each): Four F/Sn (500 ppm F, 800 ppm Sn) toothpastes with chitosan (0.5 %, viscosity 50, 500, 1000 or 2000 mPas), negative-control (no F/Sn/chitosan), positive-control (F/Sn, no chitosan). The study was conducted in two experiments (E1/E2). Specimens were cyclically demineralised (10 d, 6 × 2 min/d; 0.5 % citric acid); half of groups (E1) was exposed to toothpaste slurries (2 × 2 min/d), the other half was additionally brushed (2 × 15 s/d, E2). Tissue loss (mean ± SD, μm) was quantified profilometrically. Element analysis (EDX, wt%) on specimen surfaces and on toothpastes' particulate fraction and SEM analysis of specimen surfaces were performed.

RESULTS

Tissue loss in negative-controls (E1/E2) was 4.96 ± 1.55/12.76 ± 2.45. Toothpastes with active agents (AA) reduced tissue loss compared to negative-control (p < 0.0001). E1: All AA caused precipitates, being the thickest after Ch500. Chitosan increased carbon retention, not tin retention. E2: Only Ch1000 increased efficacy (-0.97 ± 4.48) compared to positive-control (2.98 ± 1.32; p = 0.05). EDX showed comparable carbon values in all AA; tin content was higher in Ch1000 (6.5 ± 3.4) compared to other AA (range: 3.8 ± 0.3-4.3 ± 1.3). On abrasives, tin adsorption was decreased by all chitosans. SEM revealed minor structural differences.

CONCLUSIONS

Chitosan viscosity has impact on efficacy of F/Sn toothpastes. Under erosive/abrasive conditions Ch1000 showed the best protective effect with higher tin retention on surfaces and lower tin absorption by abrasives.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

The biopolymer chitosan shows protective effect against enamel erosion and erosion/abrasion when used in an F/Sn toothpaste with specific viscosity.

摘要

目的

壳聚糖（Ch）在含氟/锡牙膏中可以提高牙膏的抗侵蚀效果。本研究旨在探讨改变壳聚糖的黏度是否可以进一步提高其功效。

方法

将 192 个人类牙釉质标本分为 2×6 组（每组 16 个标本）：4 种含氟/锡（500ppm F，800ppm Sn）牙膏分别含有壳聚糖（0.5%，黏度 50、500、1000 或 2000mPas）、阴性对照（无氟/锡/壳聚糖）、阳性对照（含氟/锡，无壳聚糖）。该研究分两个实验进行（E1/E2）。标本周期性脱矿（10d，6×2min/d；0.5%柠檬酸）；一半的组（E1）暴露于牙膏糊剂（2×2min/d），另一半则额外刷牙（E2，2×15s/d）。用轮廓仪定量分析组织损失（平均值±标准差，μm）。对标本表面及牙膏颗粒部分进行能谱分析（EDX，wt%），并用扫描电镜（SEM）分析标本表面。

结果

阴性对照组（E1/E2）的组织损失为 4.96±1.55/12.76±2.45。含活性成分的牙膏（AA）与阴性对照组相比，可减少组织损失（p<0.0001）。E1：所有 AA 均导致沉淀物形成，Ch500 后沉淀物最厚。壳聚糖增加了碳的保留，而不是锡的保留。E2：与阳性对照组（2.98±1.32）相比，仅 Ch1000 增加了疗效（-0.97±4.48；p=0.05）。EDX 显示所有 AA 的碳值相似；Ch1000 的锡含量（6.5±3.4）高于其他 AA（范围：3.8±0.3-4.3±1.3）。在磨料上，所有壳聚糖均降低了锡的吸附。SEM 显示结构上存在细微差异。