Lab for Noncoding RNA & Cancer, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China.
Pathol Oncol Res. 2020 Apr;26(2):651-663. doi: 10.1007/s12253-019-00735-9. Epub 2019 Nov 20.
Immune checkpoint blockade has demonstrated significant anti-tumor immunity in an array of cancer types, yet the underlying regulatory mechanism of it is still obscure, and many problems remain to be solved. As an inhibitory costimulatory signal of T-cells, the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathway can paralyze T-cells at the tumor site, enabling the immune escape of tumor cells. Although many antibodies targeting PD-1/PD-L1 have been developed to block their interaction for the treatment of cancer, the reduced response rate and resistance to the therapies call for further comprehension of this pathway in the tumor microenvironment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are two main types of noncoding RNAs that play critical parts in the regulation of immune response in tumorigenesis, including the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. Here we summarize the most recent studies on the control of this pathway by noncoding RNAs in cancer and hopefully will offer new insights into immune checkpoint blockade therapies.
免疫检查点阻断在多种癌症类型中显示出显著的抗肿瘤免疫作用，但它的潜在调节机制仍不清楚，许多问题仍有待解决。程序性细胞死亡蛋白 1（PD-1）/程序性细胞死亡配体 1（PD-L1）途径作为 T 细胞的抑制性共刺激信号，可以使肿瘤部位的 T 细胞瘫痪，从而使肿瘤细胞发生免疫逃逸。尽管已经开发了许多针对 PD-1/PD-L1 的抗体来阻断它们的相互作用以治疗癌症，但反应率降低和对治疗的耐药性要求进一步了解肿瘤微环境中的这条途径。微小 RNA（miRNA）和长链非编码 RNA（lncRNA）是两种主要的非编码 RNA，它们在肿瘤发生中的免疫反应调控中发挥着关键作用，包括 PD-1/PD-L1 途径。在这里，我们总结了非编码 RNA 对该途径在癌症中调控的最新研究，希望能为免疫检查点阻断治疗提供新的见解。
