National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
Kaiser Foundation Research Institute, PO Box 8040, Redwood City, CA, 94063, USA.
Implement Sci. 2019 Nov 21;14(1):97. doi: 10.1186/s13012-019-0947-6.
In 2011, the National Institute of Health (NIH) initiated the Training in Dissemination and Implementation Research in Health (TIDIRH) program. Over its first 5 years, TIDIRH provided an in-person, week-long training to 197 investigators who were new to the dissemination and implementation (D&I) field. This paper evaluates the long-term impact of TIDIRH on trainees' use of D&I methods, collaborations, and research funding.
Trainees were selected to participate through a competitive process. We compared the 197 trainees to 125 unselected applicants (UAs) whose application score was within one standard deviation of the mean for all trainees' scores for the same application year. A portfolio analysis examined electronic applications for NIH peer-reviewed funding submitted by trainees and UAs between 2011 and 2019. A survey of trainees and UAs was conducted in 2016, as was a faculty survey among the 87 individuals who served as TIDIRH instructors.
A major goal of TIDIRH was to build the field, at least in part through networking and collaboration. Thirty-eight percent of trainees indicated they had extensive contact with faculty following the training, and an additional 38% indicated they had at least limited contact. Twenty-four percent of trainees had extensive collaboration with other fellows post-TIDIRH, and 43% had at least limited contact. Collaborative activities included the full range of academic activities, including manuscript development, grant writing, and consultation/collaboration on research studies. The portfolio analysis combining grant mechanisms showed that overall, TIDIRH trainees submitted more peer-reviewed NIH grants per person than UA and had significantly better funding outcomes (25% vs 19% funded, respectively). The greatest difference was for large research project, program/center, and cooperative agreement grants mechanisms.
Overall, this evaluation found that TIDIRH is achieving its three primary goals: (1) building a pipeline of D&I investigators, (2) creating a network of scholars to build the field, and (3) improving funding outcomes for D&I grants.
2011 年，美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）启动了培训传播与实施研究在健康（TIDIRH）计划。在其前 5 年，TIDIRH 为 197 名新加入传播和实施（D&I）领域的调查员提供了为期一周的面对面培训。本文评估了 TIDIRH 对学员使用 D&I 方法、合作和研究资金的长期影响。
通过竞争过程选拔学员参加。我们将 197 名学员与 125 名未入选的申请人（UA）进行了比较，这些申请人的申请分数与同一申请年度所有学员分数的平均值相差一个标准差。通过对学员和 UA 在 2011 年至 2019 年期间提交的 NIH 同行评审资助电子申请进行组合分析，对电子申请进行了分析。2016 年对学员和 UA 进行了调查，对 87 名担任 TIDIRH 教师的教员进行了调查。
TIDIRH 的主要目标之一是建立该领域，至少部分通过网络和合作。38%的学员表示，培训后与教员有广泛的联系，另有 38%的学员表示有至少有限的联系。24%的学员在 TIDIRH 之后与其他研究员进行了广泛的合作，43%的学员至少有过有限的联系。合作活动包括学术活动的各个方面，包括手稿的发展、资助的申请以及研究项目的咨询/合作。将资助机制结合起来的投资组合分析表明，总体而言，TIDIRH 学员提交的 NIH 资助申请人均多于 UA，资助结果明显更好（分别为 25%和 19%）。最大的差异存在于大型研究项目、计划/中心和合作协议的资助机制中。
总的来说，这项评估发现 TIDIRH 正在实现其三个主要目标：（1）建立 D&I 调查员的管道，（2）建立学者网络以建立该领域，（3）提高 D&I 资助的资金结果。
