Department of Psychology, Whitelands College, University of Roehampton, Holybourne Avenue, London, SW15 4JD, UK.
Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2020 Mar-Apr;87:103967. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2019.103967. Epub 2019 Nov 3.
Suboptimal sleep patterns predict poorer cognitive function in older adults and induce inflammatory responses. Inflammation could also adversely affect cognitive function. This study explored whether systemic inflammation may be one biological mechanism through which sleep influences cognitive performance. Participants were 4877 men and women from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing who were followed-up for 8 years starting at wave 4 (2008-09), through wave 6 (2012-13), and until wave 8 (2016-17). Sleep quality and duration were measured with self-reported questionnaires. Cognitive function was assessed objectively with tests of verbal fluency, memory (immediate and delayed recall) and time orientation. Analyses were stratified by sex and adjusted for socio-economic circumstances, health behaviours, limiting long-standing illness, medication, depressive symptoms, and baseline inflammation and cognition. In men, in comparison with optimal sleep duration, short sleep (≤6 h: β = -0.343, C.I. -0.611 to -0.076; >6-7 h: β = -0.263, C.I. -0.506 to -0.020) and long sleep (β = -0.536, C.I. -1.019 to -0.053) measured at baseline predicted lower scores in delayed memory recall at follow-up. In women, sleep duration was unrelated to cognitive performance at follow-up, and in both sexes, there was no relationship between sleep quality and follow-up cognitive performance. There was no evidence of mediating effects of inflammatory markers in the relationship between sleep measures and cognitive performance in both sexes. In conclusion, baseline short and long sleep duration is associated with follow-up cognitive performance in older men, but we found no evidence of any mediating effects of inflammation.
睡眠模式不佳可预测老年人认知功能下降，并引发炎症反应。炎症也可能对认知功能产生不利影响。本研究探讨了系统性炎症是否可能是睡眠影响认知表现的一种生物学机制。参与者为来自英国老龄化纵向研究的 4877 名男性和女性，从第 4 波（2008-09 年）开始随访 8 年，直至第 6 波（2012-13 年）和第 8 波（2016-17 年）。睡眠质量和持续时间通过自我报告问卷进行测量。认知功能通过词语流畅性、记忆（即时和延迟回忆）和时间定向测试进行客观评估。分析按性别分层，并根据社会经济情况、健康行为、长期限制疾病、药物、抑郁症状以及基线炎症和认知进行调整。在男性中，与最佳睡眠时间相比，短睡眠时间（≤6 小时：β=-0.343，C.I. -0.611 至-0.076；>6-7 小时：β=-0.263，C.I. -0.506 至-0.020）和长睡眠时间（β=-0.536，C.I. -1.019 至-0.053）在基线时预测延迟记忆回忆得分较低。在女性中，睡眠持续时间与随访时的认知表现无关，在两性中，睡眠质量与随访时的认知表现之间没有关系。在两性中，睡眠测量与认知表现之间的关系没有炎症标志物的中介作用的证据。总之，基线短睡眠时间和长睡眠时间与老年男性的随访认知表现相关，但我们没有发现炎症有任何中介作用的证据。
