Centro de Estudios de Variabilidad y Cambio Climático (CEVARCAM), Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Hídricas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje El Pozo, CP3000 Santa Fe, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
Centro de Estudios de Variabilidad y Cambio Climático (CEVARCAM), Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Hídricas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje El Pozo, CP3000 Santa Fe, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Dec 1;694:133651. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133651. Epub 2019 Jul 29.
Leptospirosis is considered the most globally widespread zoonotic illness; it has been classified as an emerging or reemerging infectious disease by the World Health Organization. Leptospirosis is a disease caused by a pathogenic spirochete of the genus Leptospira. The infection occurs by contacting with the urine of animal reservoirs or contaminated environments. Leptospirosis can be controlled by vaccines used mainly in animals, antibiotics given to exposed humans, and flood-affected people moved to a safe place. Northeastern Argentina accounts for the highest annual number of cases and deaths due to leptospirosis of the country. This interdisciplinary study aims to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of leptospirosis, and assesses the hydroclimatic factors that give rise to the outbreaks in northeastern Argentina. The main goal is to detect the hydroclimatic indicators that can influence leptospirosis outbreaks occurrence in the northeastern Argentina. We perform a spatio-temporal analysis of the leptospirosis in the provinces of Santa Fe and Entre Ríos to distinguish the regions, years and seasons with the highest incidence of this disease. This study analyzes confirmed cases of leptospirosis between 2009 and 2018 years. Hydroclimatic indicators (monthly total precipitation, monthly river hydrometric level and Oceanic Niño Index) associated with outbreaks of leptospirosis vary in different spatial scales (provincial, departmental and cities). In the last outbreak of leptospirosis in 2015-2016 the number of cases was lower than expected. This could have been a consequence of increased prophylaxis in that flood event. Therefore, this is a variable that should be incorporated in future studies.
钩端螺旋体病被认为是全球分布最广泛的动物源性传染病；世界卫生组织已将其归类为新发或再发传染病。钩端螺旋体病是一种由钩端螺旋体属的致病性螺旋体引起的疾病。感染是通过接触动物储存宿主的尿液或受污染的环境而发生的。钩端螺旋体病可以通过主要用于动物的疫苗、暴露于人类的抗生素以及将受洪水影响的人转移到安全地点来控制。阿根廷东北部是该国钩端螺旋体病年病例和死亡人数最多的地区。这项跨学科研究旨在分析钩端螺旋体病的时空分布，并评估引发阿根廷东北部疫情的水文气候因素。主要目标是检测可能影响阿根廷东北部钩端螺旋体病爆发的水文气候指标。我们对圣达菲省和恩特雷里奥斯省的钩端螺旋体病进行了时空分析，以区分该疾病发病率最高的地区、年份和季节。本研究分析了 2009 年至 2018 年期间确诊的钩端螺旋体病病例。与钩端螺旋体病爆发相关的水文气候指标（月总降水量、月河流水位和海洋尼诺指数）在不同的空间尺度（省级、部门和城市）上有所不同。在 2015-2016 年最后一次钩端螺旋体病疫情中，病例数量低于预期。这可能是由于在那次洪水中增加了预防措施。因此，这是一个应该纳入未来研究的变量。
