Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut.
Center for Communicable Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Suva, Fiji.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2018 Oct;99(4):849-851. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0335.
Severe flooding has been linked to outbreaks of leptospirosis. Two sequential extreme flood events in Western Fiji caused the largest outbreak of leptospirosis recorded in the South Pacific, with 1,217 total suspected cases, of which 314 were probable and confirmed. Most (83%) cases occurred within 6 weeks of the flood events, displaying a biphasic epidemic curve associated with the floods. Given the temporal proximity of cases to flooding events, most of the transmission appeared to occur during or immediately after the floods; therefore, prevention of exposure to contaminated environments is a priority in the immediate flood and post-flood period. In addition, genotyping studies suggest that multiple animal reservoirs were implicated in the outbreak, reaffirming the importance of integrated human and animal health strategies for leptospirosis control.
严重洪灾与钩端螺旋体病疫情的爆发有关。斐济西部连续发生的两次极端洪灾事件，导致南太平洋有记录以来最大规模的钩端螺旋体病疫情爆发，总计报告疑似病例 1217 例，其中可能病例和确诊病例分别为 314 例和 269 例。大多数（83%）病例发生在洪灾发生后的 6 周内，呈现出与洪水相关的双峰型流行曲线。鉴于病例与洪水事件的时间接近，大多数传播似乎发生在洪水期间或洪水后不久；因此，在洪水期间和洪水过后的立即阶段，预防接触污染环境是优先事项。此外，基因分型研究表明，多种动物宿主与疫情有关，这再次证实了实施综合人类和动物卫生战略以控制钩端螺旋体病的重要性。
