Neuroscience Graduate Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37212, USA.
Eaton Peabody Laboratories at Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2019 Nov;146(5):3770. doi: 10.1121/1.5132709.
Exposure to prolonged or high intensity noise increases the risk for permanent hearing impairment. Over several decades, researchers characterized the nature of harmful noise exposures and worked to establish guidelines for effective protection. Recent laboratory studies, primarily conducted in rodent models, indicate that the auditory system may be more vulnerable to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) than previously thought, driving renewed inquiries into the harmful effects of noise in humans. To bridge the translational gaps between rodents and humans, nonhuman primates (NHPs) may serve as key animal models. The phylogenetic proximity of NHPs to humans underlies tremendous similarity in many features of the auditory system (genomic, anatomical, physiological, behavioral), all of which are important considerations in the assessment and treatment of NIHL. This review summarizes the literature pertaining to NHPs as models of hearing and noise-induced hearing loss, discusses factors relevant to the translation of diagnostics and therapeutics from animals to humans, and concludes with some of the practical considerations involved in conducting NHP research.
暴露于长时间或高强度的噪声中会增加永久性听力损伤的风险。几十年来，研究人员对有害噪声暴露的性质进行了研究，并努力制定有效的保护指南。最近的实验室研究主要在啮齿动物模型中进行，表明听觉系统可能比以前认为的更容易受到噪声性听力损失（NIHL）的影响，这促使人们重新研究噪声对人类的有害影响。为了缩小啮齿动物和人类之间的转化差距，非人类灵长类动物（NHPs）可能是关键的动物模型。NHPs 在进化上与人类的亲缘关系，使得它们在听觉系统的许多特征上具有巨大的相似性（基因组、解剖学、生理学、行为学），所有这些都是评估和治疗 NIHL 的重要考虑因素。本文综述了有关 NHPs 作为听力和噪声性听力损失模型的文献，讨论了将诊断和治疗方法从动物转化到人类的相关因素，并对进行 NHPs 研究涉及的一些实际考虑因素进行了总结。
