Faculty of Behavioral Sciences, Cognitive Psychology and Ergonomics, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands.
Human Performance Laboratories, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Psychol Res. 2021 Mar;85(2):793-807. doi: 10.1007/s00426-019-01277-0. Epub 2019 Dec 6.
Motor sequencing models suggest that when with extensive practice sequence representations have developed, stimuli indicating the individual sequence elements may no longer be used for sequence execution. However, it is not clear whether participants can at all refrain from processing these stimuli. Two experiments were performed in which participants practiced two 7-keypress sequences by responding to isoluminant key-specific stimuli. In the mixed condition of the ensuing test phase, the stimuli were displayed only occasionally, and the question was whether this would make participants stop processing these stimuli. In Experiment 1, the benefit of displaying stimuli was assessed after substantial practice, while Experiment 2 examined development of this benefit across practice. The results of Experiment 1 showed that participants rely a little less on these stimuli when they are displayed only occasionally, but Experiment 2 revealed that participants quickly developed high awareness, and that they ignored these stimuli already after limited practice. These findings confirm that participants can choose to ignore these isoluminant stimuli but tend to use them when they are displayed. These and other findings show in some detail how various cognitive systems interact to produce familiar keying sequences.
运动序列模型表明，当进行广泛的练习时，序列表示已经发展起来，指示各个序列元素的刺激可能不再用于序列执行。然而，目前尚不清楚参与者是否可以完全避免处理这些刺激。进行了两项实验，参与者通过响应同亮度键特定刺激来练习两个 7 键序列。在随后测试阶段的混合条件下，这些刺激仅偶尔显示，问题是这是否会使参与者停止处理这些刺激。在实验 1 中，在大量练习后评估了显示刺激的益处，而实验 2 则检验了这种益处在整个练习过程中的发展情况。实验 1 的结果表明，当这些刺激仅偶尔显示时，参与者对它们的依赖程度会略低一些，但实验 2 表明，参与者很快就提高了意识，并且在有限的练习后就已经忽略了这些刺激。这些发现证实了参与者可以选择忽略这些同亮度刺激，但当它们显示时，参与者往往会使用它们。这些和其他发现详细展示了各种认知系统如何相互作用以产生熟悉的按键序列。
