Reese I
Ernährungsberatung und -therapie, Munich.
Allergol Select. 2018 Sep 1;2(1):56-61. doi: 10.5414/ALX386. eCollection 2018.
Adverse reactions to food are suspected in one third of the German population, but only 10% of these assumed hypersensitivity reactions can be clinically confirmed. While diagnosis of food allergies is fairly easy due to objective laboratory parameters, non-allergic hypersensitivity reactions are difficult to diagnose because these objective markers are lacking so far. Adverse reactions to histamine are often suspected to be the cause of a wide range of symptoms, especially when no allergic pathomechanism can be identified. In order to confirm such a suspicion, it is inevitable to validate a reproducible association between consumption of histamine-rich food and beverages and symptoms to identify causative agents and to exclude other disorders. Thereafter, avoidance tests should be performed on the basis of individual requirements. General advice with a lot of restraints is often unnecessarily strict. Nutrition therapy aims at a reduction of symptoms to a minimum while maintaining a high quality of life.
德国三分之一的人口怀疑有食物不良反应，但这些假定的过敏反应中只有10%能得到临床确诊。由于有客观的实验室参数，食物过敏的诊断相当容易，而非过敏性过敏反应则难以诊断，因为目前缺乏这些客观指标。组胺不良反应常被怀疑是多种症状的原因，尤其是在无法确定过敏发病机制时。为了证实这种怀疑，必须验证富含组胺的食物和饮料的摄入与症状之间可重复的关联，以确定致病因素并排除其他疾病。此后，应根据个人需求进行回避试验。有诸多限制的一般性建议往往过于严格。营养治疗旨在将症状减轻到最低程度，同时维持较高的生活质量。
