Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Microbiology and Botany Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Sci Rep. 2019 Dec 11;9(1):18906. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-55309-1.
Seaweeds are a group of marine multicellular algae; the presence of antioxidant phytochemical constituents in Seaweed Chaetomorpha sp. extracts has received attention for their role in the prevention of human diseases. This study explores the phytochemical constituents, antioxidant, and anticancer properties of the Cladophoraceae, Chaetomorpha sp. Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) were performed to study the chemical structure and chemical formula. Different concentrations of ethanol and aqueous extracts of Chaetomorpha were used to estimate antioxidant activity by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and total flavonoid, phenolic, and tannins content assays. Anti-tumor activity against breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) was assessed by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-cyl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assay. The EDX analysis indicated the presence of oxygen, silicon, and calcium as dominant elements. Antioxidant assays indicated that the ethanol extracts of Chaetomorpha consisted of a total of 189.14 ± 0.99 mg QE/g flavonoid content, 21.92 ± 0.43 mg GAE/g phenolic content and 21.81 ± 0.04 mg GAE/g tannins content. The DPPH radical scavenging assay exhibited higher antioxidant activity IC (9.41 ± 0.54 mg/mL) in the ethanol extract. Moreover, it showed high anticancer activity by growth inhibition in the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line and low IC (225.18 ± 0.61 µg/mL). GC/MS analysis revealed the presence of Dichloracetic acid (DCA) as the active antitumor constituent of Chaetomorpha sp.; other anticancer compounds identified were Oximes and L-α-Terpinol. The results revealed that the type of Chaetomorpha sp. studied here possesses very unique and novel constituents and active potent antitumor chemical constituents and it can act as a promising antioxidant and anticancer agent for future applications in pharmaceutical industries.
海藻是一类海洋多细胞藻类；海藻角叉菜属提取物中抗氧化植物化学成分的存在因其在预防人类疾病方面的作用而受到关注。本研究探索了角叉菜科角叉菜属的植物化学成分、抗氧化和抗癌特性。采用能量色散 X 射线光谱（EDX）和气相色谱-质谱联用（GC/MS）研究化学结构和化学式。使用不同浓度的乙醇和角叉菜的水提取物通过 2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼（DPPH）自由基清除活性和总类黄酮、总酚和单宁含量测定来估计抗氧化活性。通过 3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐（MTT）测定法评估对乳腺癌细胞系（MCF-7 和 MDA-MB-231）的抗肿瘤活性。EDX 分析表明存在氧、硅和钙等主要元素。抗氧化测定表明，角叉菜的乙醇提取物总含有 189.14 ± 0.99 mg QE/g 类黄酮含量、21.92 ± 0.43 mg GAE/g 总酚含量和 21.81 ± 0.04 mg GAE/g 单宁含量。DPPH 自由基清除试验表明，乙醇提取物具有更高的抗氧化活性 IC（9.41 ± 0.54 mg/mL）。此外，它对角叉菜属 MDA-MB-231 乳腺癌细胞系的生长抑制表现出高抗癌活性，IC 低（225.18 ± 0.61 µg/mL）。GC/MS 分析表明二氯乙酸（DCA）是角叉菜属中具有抗肿瘤活性的成分；鉴定出的其他抗癌化合物是肟和 L-α-松油醇。结果表明，本研究中所研究的角叉菜属具有非常独特和新颖的成分和有效的抗肿瘤活性化学成分，可作为未来在制药行业应用的有前途的抗氧化和抗癌剂。
