1700 Shattuck Avenue, #114, Berkeley, CA 94709-3402, USA.
Comput Math Methods Med. 2019 Nov 11;2019:7308197. doi: 10.1155/2019/7308197. eCollection 2019.
This paper develops mathematical models examining possible roles of oxytocin and oxytocin receptors in the development of autism. This is done by demonstrating that mathematical operations on normalized data from the Stanford study, which establishes a correspondence between severity of autism in children and their oxytocin blood levels, generate a graph that is the same as the graph of mathematical operations on a normalized theoretical model for the severity of autism. This procedure establishes the validity of the theoretical model and the significance of oxytocin receptors in autism. A steady-state model follows, explaining the constant baseline concentrations of oxytocin observed in the cerebral spinal fluid and blood in terms of the neuromodulation by oxytocin of oxytocin receptors on the magnocellular neurons that produce oxytocin in nuclei in the hypothalamus. The implications of these models for possible roles of oxytocin and oxytocin receptors in autism are considered for several unrelated conditions that may be associated with autism. These are oxytocin receptor desensitization and downregulation as factors during labor in offspring autism development; reductions in the oxytocin receptor numbers in the fixed oxytocin receptor expression that occurs before birth; MAST Immune System disease; and the excess number of dendritic spines from lack of pruning observed in brains of autistic people. Research into the feasibility of generating magnocellular neurons and other neurons from adult stem cells is suggested as a way of doing studies of oxytocin and oxytocin receptors to assess the validity of theories presented in this paper.
本文建立了数学模型，探讨了催产素和催产素受体在自闭症发展中的可能作用。通过证明对斯坦福大学研究中标准化数据进行数学运算，该研究建立了儿童自闭症严重程度与催产素血液水平之间的对应关系，可以生成与对自闭症严重程度的标准化理论模型进行数学运算得到的图形相同的图形，从而验证了理论模型的有效性和催产素受体在自闭症中的重要性。随后建立了一个稳态模型，根据催产素对产生催产素的下丘脑核中巨细胞神经元上的催产素受体的神经调节作用，解释了在脑脊髓液和血液中观察到的催产素的恒定基线浓度。考虑了这些模型对自闭症中催产素和催产素受体可能作用的影响，包括与自闭症相关的几种不相关情况。这些情况包括催产素受体脱敏和下调作为后代自闭症发育过程中分娩时的因素；出生前固定催产素受体表达中催产素受体数量减少；MAST 免疫系统疾病；以及自闭症患者大脑中观察到的缺乏修剪导致的树突棘过多。本文提出了从成体干细胞中产生巨细胞神经元和其他神经元的研究，以评估本文提出的理论的有效性。
