棕榈仁壳作为一种有效的吸附剂，可用于处理重金属污染的水。
Palm Kernel Shell as an effective adsorbent for the treatment of heavy metal contaminated water.
机构信息
Materials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang Selangor, 43400, Malaysia.
Education Department, Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur Sindh, 65200, Pakistan.
出版信息
Sci Rep. 2019 Dec 12;9(1):18955. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-55099-6.
Heavy metal contamination in water causes severe adverse effects on human health. Millions of tons of kernel shell are produced as waste from oil palm plantation every year. In this study, palm oil kernel shell (PKS), an agricultural waste is utilized as effective adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals, namely; Cr, Pb, Cd and Zn from water. Different parameters of adsorptions; solution pH, adsorbent dosage, metal ions concentration and contact time were optimized. The PKS was found to be effective in the adsorption of heavy metal ions Cr, Pb, Cd and Zn from water with percentage removal of 98.92%, 99.01%, 84.23% and 83.45%, respectively. The adsorption capacities for Cr, Pb, Cd and Zn were found to be 49.65 mg/g, 43.12 mg/g, 49.62 mg/g and 41.72 mg/g respectively. Kinetics of adsorption process were determined for each metal ion using different kinetic models like the pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and parabolic diffusion models. For each metal ion the pseudo-second order model fitted well with correlation coefficient, R = 0.999. Different isotherm models, namely Freundlich and Langmuir were applied for the determination of adsorption interaction between metal ions and PKS. Adsorption capacity was also determined for each of the metal ions. PKS was found to be very effective adsorbent for the treatment of heavy metal contaminated water and short time of two hours is required for maximum adsorption. This is a comprehensive study almost all the parameters of adsorptions were studied in detail. This is a cost effective and greener approach to utilize the agricultural waste without any chemical treatment, making it user friendly adsorbent.
水体中的重金属污染会对人类健康造成严重的不良影响。每年，油棕种植园都会产生数百万吨的果核壳废弃物。在本研究中，我们利用农业废弃物——棕榈油果核壳作为有效吸附剂，用于去除水中的重金属，如 Cr、Pb、Cd 和 Zn。优化了吸附的不同参数，包括溶液 pH 值、吸附剂用量、金属离子浓度和接触时间。结果表明，PKS 对水中的重金属离子 Cr、Pb、Cd 和 Zn 具有很好的吸附效果，去除率分别达到 98.92%、99.01%、84.23%和 83.45%。PKS 对 Cr、Pb、Cd 和 Zn 的吸附容量分别为 49.65 mg/g、43.12 mg/g、49.62 mg/g 和 41.72 mg/g。通过不同的动力学模型，如准一级、准二级和抛物线扩散模型，确定了吸附过程的动力学。对于每种金属离子，准二级模型的拟合度较好，相关系数 R = 0.999。应用 Freundlich 和 Langmuir 等不同的等温模型来确定金属离子与 PKS 之间的吸附相互作用。还确定了每种金属离子的吸附容量。结果表明，PKS 是一种非常有效的吸附剂，可用于处理重金属污染的水，最大吸附时间仅需 2 小时。本研究全面探讨了吸附的几乎所有参数，这是一种经济有效且环保的方法，无需进行任何化学处理，使 PKS 成为一种易于使用的吸附剂。
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