Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 426, North Songshi Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401147, China.
Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.
Stem Cell Res Ther. 2019 Dec 18;10(1):396. doi: 10.1186/s13287-019-1483-7.
Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) are one of the most promising types of seed cells in periodontal tissue regeneration. Suitable biomaterials are additional essential components that must cooperate with seed cells for in vivo expansion or in vitro implantation. Extracellular matrix (ECM) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) was recently reported to be a promising substrate with which to culture MSCs that could be applied in biomaterial scaffolds or bioink. Human urine-derived stem cells (hUSCs) have several advantages; their collection is non-invasive and easy, and hUSCs are low in cost, potentially making them a suitable and efficient source of ECM. The purpose of this study was to characterize the biological properties of ECM derived from hUSCs (UECM) and evaluate the effects of UECM on hPDLSCs.
hPDLSCs grown on ECM derived from hPDLSCs (PECM) and fibronectin-coated tissue culture plastic (TCP) served as control groups. Both hUSCs and hPDLSCs were seeded on TCP and stimulated to produce ECM. After 8 days of stimulation, the samples were decellularized, leaving only ECM. Then, hPDLSCs were seeded onto UECM-, PECM-, and fibronectin-coated TCP and untreated TCP.
UECM consists of dense bundles of fibers which contain abundant fibronectin. Both UECM and PECM promoted hPDLSC proliferation, attachment, spreading, and differentiation. Between UECM and PECM, UECM enhanced proliferation, osteogenesis, and angiogenesis to a greater extent. Though fibronectin appeared to be the abundant component of UECM, its performance was inferior to that of UECM.
Our study provides an original perspective on different cell-specific ECMs and suggests UECM as a suitable biomaterial in which to culture hPDLSCs as UECM enhances their biological functions.
人牙周韧带干细胞（hPDLSCs）是牙周组织再生中最有前途的种子细胞类型之一。合适的生物材料是另外一个必不可少的组成部分，必须与种子细胞合作，以实现体内扩增或体外植入。最近有报道称，源自间充质干细胞（MSCs）的细胞外基质（ECM）是一种很有前途的培养 MSCs 的基质，可应用于生物材料支架或生物墨水。人尿源性干细胞（hUSCs）具有几个优点；它们的采集是非侵入性和简单的，而且 hUSCs 成本低，有可能成为 ECM 的合适和高效来源。本研究的目的是表征源自 hUSCs（UECM）的 ECM 的生物学特性，并评估 UECM 对 hPDLSCs 的影响。
在源自 hPDLSCs（PECM）和纤连蛋白包被的组织培养塑料（TCP）的 ECM 上培养 hPDLSCs 作为对照组。将 hUSCs 和 hPDLSCs 接种在 TCP 上，并刺激它们产生 ECM。刺激 8 天后，对样本进行脱细胞处理，只留下 ECM。然后，将 hPDLSCs 接种到 UECM、PECM 和纤连蛋白包被的 TCP 以及未经处理的 TCP 上。
UECM 由密集的纤维束组成，其中含有丰富的纤连蛋白。UECM 和 PECM 均促进 hPDLSC 的增殖、附着、铺展和分化。与 PECM 相比，UECM 更能促进 hPDLSC 的增殖、成骨和血管生成。尽管纤连蛋白似乎是 UECM 的丰富成分，但它的性能不如 UECM。
我们的研究为不同细胞特异性 ECM 提供了一个新的视角，并表明 UECM 作为一种合适的生物材料，可用于培养 hPDLSCs，因为 UECM 增强了它们的生物学功能。
