Société Francophone de Nutrithérapie et de Nutrigénétique Appliquée, Villeurbanne, France.
Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad, India.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2020 Feb;104(3):967-979. doi: 10.1007/s00253-019-10293-4. Epub 2019 Dec 18.
Calanus oil (COil) is a natural product extracted from marine zooplankton Calanus finmarchicus found in the North Atlantic Ocean. This oil is rich in wax esters of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and has been projected as the best alternative to fish oil because its production cannot keep pace with the demands from the growing markets. The COil is the only commercially available marine source of wax esters, whereas classic ω-3 PUFAs comes from triglycerides, ethyl esters, and phospholipids. It has, in recent decades, been seen that there is an unprecedented rise in the use of PUFA-rich oil in the aquaculture industry. A simultaneous rise in the demand of PUFAs is also observed in the health care industry, where PUFAs are suggested preventing various disorders related to lifestyles such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, chronic low-grade inflammation, atherosclerosis, and brain and cardiovascular disorders (CVDs). In this review, we will explore the metabolic aspects related to the use of COil as an antioxidant, anticholesterinemic, and anti-inflammatory dietary source and its impact on the prevention and therapy of obesity-related metabolic disorders.
角叉菜油（COil）是从北大西洋浮游动物拟哲水蚤中提取的天然产物，富含多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）的蜡酯，被认为是鱼油的最佳替代品，因为其产量无法满足不断增长的市场需求。COil 是唯一可商业化的海洋蜡酯来源，而经典的 ω-3 PUFAs 则来自甘油三酯、乙酯和磷脂。近几十年来，人们发现水产养殖行业对富含 PUFAs 的油的使用呈前所未有的增长趋势。在保健行业，对 PUFAs 的需求也同时上升，人们认为 PUFAs 可以预防与生活方式相关的各种疾病，如肥胖、糖尿病、慢性低度炎症、动脉粥样硬化以及大脑和心血管疾病（CVDs）。在这篇综述中，我们将探讨 COil 作为抗氧化剂、抗胆固醇和抗炎饮食来源的代谢方面，以及其对肥胖相关代谢紊乱的预防和治疗的影响。
