Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Central Hospital of Huambo, Huambo 95, Angola.
Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Dec 17;16(24):5155. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16245155.
Sex education is a necessity and a right of young people in Angola. However, this education is deficient or even absent in various subsystems and, therefore, the impact of an educational intervention on human biology and sexuality was addressed. This quasi-experimental study employed a non-equivalent control group, pre-test post-test design. It was conducted with students from three secondary schools (6th to 12th grade, two public and one private) in Huambo (Angola), between June and December 2017. First, a questionnaire was distributed to assess the students' knowledge on aspects related to sexual maturation, psychological development, gynecological organs' anatomy, human fertilization, contraception, and risks of unprotected sexuality. Then, an educational program was developed by the principal investigator along with the school's moral and civic education and biology teachers selected for a group of students (experimental group, EG); the others constituted the control group (CG). Classes were held on non-working days, on Saturday mornings (8:00 to 10:00 a.m.), so as not to interfere with the school calendar. The initial questionnaire was redistributed two months later to assess the impact of the intervention. Of the 589 individuals included (mean age of 16.8 ± 2.5 years), 56.7% were males. EG (n = 241) consisted of students from the public school and CG (n = 348) by students from public and private schools. The last part of the questionnaire consisted of 30 questions to assess students' knowledge, and in 23 of these questions, both groups showed no differences at baseline. After the intervention, the EG showed significant improvements ( < 0.05), while the CG revealed only slight improvements. Students from Huambo province have a significant lack of knowledge on human biology and sexuality. Rigorous development and evaluation of interventions addressing multiple individual and environmental level factors is needed, notably for effective education in human biology and sexuality.
性教育是安哥拉青少年的一项必要权利。然而，这种教育在各个子系统中都存在不足甚至缺失，因此，本研究旨在探讨教育干预对人类生物学和性学的影响。
本研究采用非等组前后测实验设计，在 2017 年 6 月至 12 月期间，对安哥拉万博省三所中学（6 至 12 年级，两所公立和一所私立）的学生进行了研究。首先，我们分发了一份问卷，以评估学生对性成熟、心理发展、妇科器官解剖学、人类受精、避孕和无保护性行为风险等方面的知识。然后，由主要研究者与学校的道德和公民教育以及生物教师共同制定了一个教育计划，并将其应用于一组学生（实验组，EG）；其他学生则构成对照组（CG）。课程安排在非工作日的周六上午（8：00-10：00），以免影响学校的课程安排。两个月后，我们重新分发了最初的问卷，以评估干预的效果。在纳入的 589 名学生中（平均年龄为 16.8 ± 2.5 岁），有 56.7%是男生。EG（n=241）由公立学校的学生组成，CG（n=348）由公立和私立学校的学生组成。问卷的最后一部分包含 30 个问题，用于评估学生的知识水平，在这 30 个问题中有 23 个问题中，两组在基线时没有差异。干预后，EG 显著提高（<0.05），而 CG 仅略有提高。万博省的学生在人类生物学和性学方面知识匮乏。需要开发和评估针对多个个体和环境因素的干预措施，以提供有效的人类生物学和性学教育。
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