Department of Agriculture, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, Plant Biology Unit, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 91, 33100 Udine, Italy.
Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Via Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige (TN), Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Dec 17;20(24):6357. doi: 10.3390/ijms20246357.
The reduction of synthetic chemistry use in modern viticulture relies on either the biological control of microorganisms or the induction of pathogenesis-related proteins. In the present study, the effects of hydro-alcoholic plant extracts (PEs) (i.e., by-products of L., leaves of L. and (Mill.) Swingle) were tested on purified enzymes activity involved in plant-pathogen interactions. The polyphenolic composition was assayed and analyzed to characterize the extract profiles. In addition, suspension cell cultures of grapevine were treated with PEs to study their modulation of chitinase activity. Application of grape marc's PE enhanced chitinase activity at 4 g L. Additionally, foliar treatment of grape marc's PE at two doses (4 g L and 800 g L) on grapevine cuttings induced a concentration-dependent stimulation of chitinase activity. The obtained results showed that the application of bioactive compounds based on PEs, rich in phenolic compounds, was effective both at in vitro and ex/in vivo level. The overall effects of PEs on plant-pathogen interaction were further discussed by applying a multi-criteria decision analysis, showing that grape marc was the most effective extract.
在现代葡萄栽培中，减少合成化学物质的使用依赖于微生物的生物防治或诱导与发病相关的蛋白质。在本研究中，测试了水醇植物提取物 (PE)（即 L.的叶子和 （Mill.）Swingle 的副产物）对参与植物-病原体相互作用的纯化酶活性的影响。测定了多酚组成并进行了分析，以表征提取物的特征。此外，还使用 PEs 处理悬浮细胞培养物，以研究它们对几丁质酶活性的调节作用。葡萄渣的 PE 的应用在 4 g L 时增强了几丁质酶活性。此外，在葡萄扦插上以两个剂量（4 g L 和 800 g L）进行的葡萄渣的 PE 叶面处理诱导了几丁质酶活性的浓度依赖性刺激。获得的结果表明，基于富含酚类化合物的 PEs 的生物活性化合物在体外和体内/外水平都有效。通过应用多标准决策分析进一步讨论了 PEs 对植物-病原体相互作用的整体影响，结果表明葡萄渣是最有效的提取物。
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