Sasanelli Nicola, Toderas Ion, Veronico Pasqua, Iurcu-Straistaru Elena, Rusu Stefan, Melillo Maria Teresa, Caboni Pierluigi
Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, CNR, Via G. Amendola 122/D, 70126 Bari, Italy.
Institute of Zoology, MECC, St. Academiei 1, 2028 Chisinau, R. Moldova.
Plants (Basel). 2019 Dec 19;9(1):12. doi: 10.3390/plants9010012.
The potato cyst nematode is a major pest of the potato crop. Abamectin is a biological pesticide showing high nematicide activity, but its efficacy to control has not been investigated to date. In this study, combination of different abamectin concentrations ranging from 1.125 to 36 µg/mL x exposure times from 24 to 384 h were tested on the nematode in a hatching test. Abamectin induced mortality with LD value in the range of 13.23 (after 24 h) to 2.90 µg/mL (after 384 h). A glasshouse experiment was also performed in pots filled with soil infected with in the presence of sprouted potato tubers cultivar "Spunta". Abamectin at 4.5, 9.0, 18.0 and 36.0 µg/mL was used in comparison with nematicide fosthiazate. The doses of 18 and 36 µg/mL significantly reduced number of eggs, juveniles, cyst/g soil and reproduction rate in comparison to both untreated control and fosthiazate treatment. Soil applications of abamectin provided significant control with LD and LD of 14.4 and 131.3 µg/mL, respectively. These results indicate the efficacy of abamectin to control on potato crops and its potential use in organic agriculture or in an integrated pest management program.
马铃薯胞囊线虫是马铃薯作物的主要害虫。阿维菌素是一种具有高杀线虫活性的生物农药，但迄今为止尚未对其防治效果进行研究。在本研究中，在孵化试验中对线虫测试了浓度范围为1.125至36μg/mL的不同阿维菌素浓度与24至384小时的暴露时间的组合。阿维菌素诱导的死亡率的LD值范围为13.23（24小时后）至2.90μg/mL（384小时后）。还在装有感染了马铃薯胞囊线虫的土壤的花盆中，在发芽的马铃薯品种“斯彭塔”存在的情况下进行了温室试验。使用4.5、9.0、18.0和36.0μg/mL的阿维菌素与杀线虫剂噻唑膦作比较。与未处理的对照和噻唑膦处理相比，18和36μg/mL的剂量显著减少了卵、幼虫、胞囊/克土壤的数量以及繁殖率。土壤施用阿维菌素分别以14.4和131.3μg/mL的LD₅₀和LD₉₀提供了显著的防治效果。这些结果表明阿维菌素对马铃薯作物上马铃薯胞囊线虫的防治效果及其在有机农业或综合害虫管理计划中的潜在用途。
