Visual Attention Lab, Harvard Medical School, and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
Psychol Sci. 2013 Sep;24(9):1848-53. doi: 10.1177/0956797613479386. Epub 2013 Jul 17.
Researchers have shown that people often miss the occurrence of an unexpected yet salient event if they are engaged in a different task, a phenomenon known as inattentional blindness. However, demonstrations of inattentional blindness have typically involved naive observers engaged in an unfamiliar task. What about expert searchers who have spent years honing their ability to detect small abnormalities in specific types of images? We asked 24 radiologists to perform a familiar lung-nodule detection task. A gorilla, 48 times the size of the average nodule, was inserted in the last case that was presented. Eighty-three percent of the radiologists did not see the gorilla. Eye tracking revealed that the majority of those who missed the gorilla looked directly at its location. Thus, even expert searchers, operating in their domain of expertise, are vulnerable to inattentional blindness.
研究人员发现，如果人们正在从事另一项不同的任务，他们往往会错过一个意外但显著事件的发生，这种现象被称为注意力盲视。然而，注意力盲视的演示通常涉及到从事不熟悉任务的天真观察者。那么，那些花费多年时间磨练自己在特定类型图像中检测微小异常能力的专业搜索者呢？我们要求 24 名放射科医生执行一项熟悉的肺结节检测任务。在最后一个呈现的病例中，插入了一只大小是平均结节 48 倍的大猩猩。83%的放射科医生没有看到大猩猩。眼动追踪显示，大多数错过大猩猩的人都直接看向了它所在的位置。因此，即使是在自己专业领域工作的专业搜索者，也容易受到注意力盲视的影响。
