Nutrition, Exercise Physiology, and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center (HNRCA), Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
Nutrients. 2019 Dec 30;12(1):106. doi: 10.3390/nu12010106.
Decreased renal function, elevated circulating levels of urea, intestinal levels of urea-degrading bacteria, and gut-derived uremic metabolites are present in end-stage renal disease (ESRD), a cohort that has reduced muscle mass and physical function, and poor muscle composition. This phenotype, defined as the kidney-gut-muscle axis, is similarly represented in older adults that do not have ESRD. The purpose of this short communication is to illuminate these findings, and to propose a strategy that can positively impact the kidney-gut-muscle axis. For example, dietary fiber is fermented by intestinal bacteria, thereby producing the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) acetate, propionate, and butyrate, which affect each component of the kidney-gut-muscle axis. Accordingly, a high-fiber diet may be an important approach for improving the kidney-gut-muscle axis in ESRD and in older adults that do not have ESRD.
肾功能下降、循环中尿素水平升高、肠道中尿素降解菌水平升高以及肠道来源的尿毒症代谢物在终末期肾病（ESRD）患者中存在，这些患者的肌肉质量和身体功能下降，肌肉成分较差。这种表型被定义为肾脏-肠道-肌肉轴，在没有 ESRD 的老年人中也有类似的表现。本简短通讯的目的是阐明这些发现，并提出一种可能对肾脏-肠道-肌肉轴产生积极影响的策略。例如，膳食纤维被肠道细菌发酵，从而产生短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）乙酸盐、丙酸盐和丁酸盐，这些物质会影响肾脏-肠道-肌肉轴的各个组成部分。因此，高纤维饮食可能是改善 ESRD 患者和没有 ESRD 的老年人肾脏-肠道-肌肉轴的重要方法。
