Polko Joanna K, Kieber Joseph J
Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Front Plant Sci. 2019 Dec 5;10:1602. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01602. eCollection 2019.
1-Aminocyclopropane 1-carboxylic acid (ACC) is the direct precursor of the plant hormone ethylene. ACC is synthesized from -adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) by ACC synthases (ACSs) and subsequently oxidized to ethylene by ACC oxidases (ACOs). Exogenous ACC application has been used as a proxy for ethylene in numerous studies as it is readily converted by nearly all plant tissues to ethylene. However, in recent years, a growing body of evidence suggests that ACC plays a signaling role independent of the biosynthesis. In this review, we briefly summarize our current knowledge of ACC as an ethylene precursor, and present new findings with regards to the post-translational modifications of ACS proteins and to ACC transport. We also summarize the role of ACC in regulating plant development, and its involvement in cell wall signaling, guard mother cell division, and pathogen virulence.
1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸（ACC）是植物激素乙烯的直接前体。ACC由ACC合酶（ACSs）从S-腺苷-L-甲硫氨酸（SAM）合成，随后被ACC氧化酶（ACOs）氧化为乙烯。在众多研究中，外源施用ACC已被用作乙烯的替代物，因为几乎所有植物组织都能轻易地将其转化为乙烯。然而，近年来，越来越多的证据表明，ACC发挥着独立于生物合成的信号传导作用。在本综述中，我们简要总结了目前关于ACC作为乙烯前体的知识，并介绍了关于ACS蛋白的翻译后修饰和ACC转运的新发现。我们还总结了ACC在调节植物发育中的作用，以及它在细胞壁信号传导、保卫母细胞分裂和病原体毒力中的作用。
