Marsi Teresa C O, Ricci Ritchelli, Toniato Tatiane V, Vasconcellos Luana M R, Elias Conceição de Maria Vaz, Silva Andre D R, Furtado Andre S A, Magalhães Leila S S M, Silva-Filho Edson C, Marciano Fernanda R, Zille Andrea, Webster Thomas J, Lobo Anderson O
Institute of Research and Development, University of Vale Do Paraiba, São José dos Campos, Brazil.
Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2019 Dec 20;7:421. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00421. eCollection 2019.
Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) has been increasingly used in cutaneous tissue engineering due to its low cost, ease of handling, biodegradability, and biocompatibility, as well as its ability to form composites. However, these polymers possess a structure with nanoporous that mimic the cellular environment. In this study, nanocomposites are prepared using PLA and titanium dioxide (TiO) (10 and 35%-w/w) nanoparticles that also function as an active anti-scarring agent. The nanocomposites were prepared using an electrospinning technique. Three different solutions were prepared as follows: PLA, 10% PLA/TiO, and 35% PLA/TiO (w/w%). Electrospun PLA and PLA/TiO nanocomposites were characterized morphologically, structurally, and chemically using electron scanning microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, goniometry, and X-ray diffraction. L929 fibroblast cells were used for tests. The cytotoxic effect was evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays. Versicam (VCAN), biglicam (BIG), interleukin-6 (IL6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and type-1 collagen (COL1A1) genes were evaluated by RT-qPCR. tests using Wistar rats were conducted for up to 15 days. Nanofibrous fibers were obtained for all groups that did not contain residual solvents. No cytotoxic effects were observed for up to 168 h. The genes expressed showed the highest values of versican and collagen-1 ( < 0.05) for PLA/TiO nanocomposite scaffolds when compared to the control group (cells). Histological images showed that PLA at 10 and 35% w/w led to a discrete inflammatory infiltration and expression of many newly formed vessels, indicating increased metabolic activity of this tissue. To summarize, this study supported the potential of PLA/TiO nanocomposites ability to reduce cutaneous scarring in scaffolds.
聚乳酸（PLA）因其成本低、易于加工、生物可降解性、生物相容性以及形成复合材料的能力，在皮肤组织工程中得到了越来越广泛的应用。然而，这些聚合物具有纳米多孔结构，可模拟细胞环境。在本研究中，使用聚乳酸和二氧化钛（TiO）（10%和35%-w/w）纳米颗粒制备纳米复合材料，这些纳米颗粒还可作为活性抗瘢痕剂。采用静电纺丝技术制备纳米复合材料。制备了三种不同的溶液如下：聚乳酸、10%聚乳酸/二氧化钛和35%聚乳酸/二氧化钛（w/w%）。使用电子扫描显微镜、透射电子显微镜、测角仪和X射线衍射对静电纺丝聚乳酸和聚乳酸/二氧化钛纳米复合材料进行形态、结构和化学表征。使用L929成纤维细胞进行测试。使用3-（4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基）-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐试验评估细胞毒性作用。通过RT-qPCR评估多功能蛋白聚糖（VCAN）、双糖链蛋白聚糖（BIG）、白细胞介素-6（IL6）、白细胞介素-10（IL-10）和I型胶原（COL1A1）基因。使用Wistar大鼠进行测试，持续15天。所有不含残留溶剂的组均获得了纳米纤维。在长达168小时内未观察到细胞毒性作用。与对照组（细胞）相比，聚乳酸/二氧化钛纳米复合支架中表达的基因显示多功能蛋白聚糖和胶原-1的值最高（<0.05）。组织学图像显示，10%和35%w/w的聚乳酸导致离散的炎症浸润和许多新形成血管的表达，表明该组织的代谢活性增加。总之，本研究支持了聚乳酸/二氧化钛纳米复合材料在支架中减少皮肤瘢痕形成的潜力。
