ω-3脂肪酸和慢性乙醇在调节大鼠血浆和肝脏脂质以及血浆载脂蛋白A1和E中的作用。

Roles of omega 3 fatty acids and chronic ethanol in the regulation of plasma and liver lipids and plasma apoproteins A1 and E in rats.

作者信息

Lakshman M R, Chirtel S J, Chambers L L

机构信息

Lipid Research Laboratory, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Washington, DC 20422.

出版信息

J Nutr. 1988 Nov;118(11):1299-303. doi: 10.1093/jn/118.11.1299.

DOI:10.1093/jn/118.11.1299

PMID:3193248

Abstract

Relative effects of feeding ethanol and/or omega 3 fatty acid-rich fish oil for 6 wk on body lipids and lipoproteins were investigated. Ethanol increased plasma cholesterol (P less than 0.06) and triglycerides (P less than 0.0005), whereas fish oil decreased plasma cholesterol (P less than 0.005) and triglycerides (P less than 0.02). Liver cholesterol and triglycerides were increased by ethanol (P less than 0.0001) while fish oil decreased liver cholesterol (P less than 0.01) but not triglycerides. Based on Scheffé contrasts (P less than 0.05), fish oil blocked the increases in liver cholesterol and triglycerides caused by ethanol. Substitution of normal dietary fat with omega 3 fatty acid-rich fat in ethanol-fed animals lowered plasma cholesterol by 29% (P less than 0.001) and triglycerides by 30% (P less than 0.05) within 2 wk. Plasma apo A1 was increased by ethanol (P less than 0.001) and decreased by fish oil (P less than 0.002). Plasma total apo E was unaffected by either ethanol or fish oil. However, HDL apo E was decreased by ethanol (P less than 0.04) and increased by fish oil (P less than 0.02). Scheffé contrasts (P less than 0.05) also showed that plasma apo A was increased by ethanol regardless of whether the animals were consuming regular fat (1.72-fold) or fish oil fat (1.49-fold). Thus, omega 3 fatty acids can not only prevent but also reverse many of the lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities caused by alcohol abuse in the rat.

摘要

研究了连续6周喂食乙醇和/或富含ω-3脂肪酸的鱼油对机体脂质和脂蛋白的相关影响。乙醇可使血浆胆固醇（P<0.06）和甘油三酯升高（P<0.0005），而鱼油可使血浆胆固醇（P<0.005）和甘油三酯降低（P<0.02）。乙醇可使肝脏胆固醇和甘油三酯升高（P<0.0001），而鱼油可使肝脏胆固醇降低（P<0.01），但对甘油三酯无影响。根据谢费对比法（P<0.05），鱼油可阻止乙醇引起的肝脏胆固醇和甘油三酯升高。在喂食乙醇的动物中，用富含ω-3脂肪酸的脂肪替代正常膳食脂肪，可在2周内使血浆胆固醇降低29%（P<0.001），甘油三酯降低30%（P<0.05）。乙醇可使血浆载脂蛋白A1升高（P<0.001），鱼油可使其降低（P<0.002）。血浆总载脂蛋白E不受乙醇或鱼油的影响。然而，高密度脂蛋白载脂蛋白E可被乙醇降低（P<0.04），被鱼油升高（P<0.02）。谢费对比法（P<0.05）还显示，无论动物食用的是常规脂肪（1.72倍）还是鱼油脂肪（1.49倍），乙醇均可使血浆载脂蛋白A升高。因此，ω-3脂肪酸不仅可以预防，还可以逆转大鼠酒精滥用引起的许多脂质和脂蛋白异常。