Gomeñuka Natalia Andrea, Oliveira Henrique Bianchi, da Silva Edson Soares, Passos-Monteiro Elren, da Rosa Rodrigo Gomes, Carvalho Alberito Rodrigo, Costa Rochelle Rocha, Rodríguez Paz Martín Cruz, Pellegrini Barbara, Peyré-Tartaruga Leonardo Alexandre
Exercise Research Laboratory, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 750 Felizardo Street, Porto Alegre, 90690-200, Brazil.
Departamento de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, (UCAMI) Universidad Católica de las Misiones, Posadas, Argentina.
Sports Med Open. 2020 Jan 13;6(1):3. doi: 10.1186/s40798-019-0228-6.
Nordic walking is an attractive method of endurance training. Nevertheless, the biomechanic response due to the additional contribution of using poles in relation to free walking training has been less explored in the elderly.
This randomized parallel controlled trial aimed to assess the effects of 8 weeks of Nordic walking and free walking training on the walking economy, mechanical work, metabolically optimal speed, and electromyographic activation in elderly.
Thirty-three sedentary elderly were randomized into Nordic walking (n = 16) and free walking group (n = 17) with equalized loads. Submaximal walking tests were performed from 1 to 5 km h on the treadmill.
Walking economy was improved in both free and Nordic walking groups (x 4.91, p = 0.014) and the metabolically optimal speed was increased by approximately 0.5 km h changing the speed-cost profile. The electromyographic activation in lower and upper limbs, pendular recovery, and total, external, and internal mechanical work remained unchanged (p > 0.05). Interestingly, the internal mechanical work associated with arm movement was higher in the Nordic walking group than in the free walking group after training, while the co-contraction from upper limb muscles was reduced similarly to both groups.
Eight weeks of Nordic walking training effectively improved the walking economy and functionality as well as maintained the gait mechanics, similar to free walking training in elderly people. This enhancement in the metabolic economy may have been mediated by a reduction in the co-contraction from upper limb muscles.
ClinicalTrails.gov NCT03096964.
越野行走是一种有吸引力的耐力训练方法。然而，相对于自由行走训练，使用手杖带来的额外作用所引起的生物力学反应在老年人中较少被研究。
这项随机平行对照试验旨在评估8周的越野行走和自由行走训练对老年人行走经济性、机械功、代谢最佳速度和肌电图激活的影响。
33名久坐不动的老年人被随机分为越野行走组（n = 16）和自由行走组（n = 17），两组负荷相等。在跑步机上以1至5公里/小时的速度进行次最大步行测试。
自由行走组和越野行走组的行走经济性均得到改善（x 4.91，p = 0.014），代谢最佳速度提高了约0.5公里/小时，改变了速度-成本曲线。下肢和上肢的肌电图激活、摆动恢复以及总机械功、外部机械功和内部机械功均保持不变（p > 0.05）。有趣的是，训练后越野行走组与手臂运动相关的内部机械功高于自由行走组，而上肢肌肉的共同收缩与两组相似均有所减少。
8周的越野行走训练有效地改善了行走经济性和功能，并维持了步态力学，与老年人的自由行走训练相似。代谢经济性的这种提高可能是由上肢肌肉共同收缩的减少介导的。
ClinicalTrails.gov NCT03096964。
