Department of Bioregulation, Health & Science Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Avenida Reitor Miguel Calmon, S/N. Vale do Canela, Room 301, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
Post-graduate Program in Interactive Processes of Organs and Systems. Health & Science Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2020 Oct;197(2):445-453. doi: 10.1007/s12011-020-02028-8. Epub 2020 Jan 13.
During pregnancy, the demand for daily iodine increases by 50-70% which occurs to reach around 250 μg/day. Limited information is available on the association of high-risk pregnancy (HRP) with urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and variables such as socioeconomic factors. To analyze iodine nutritional status and socioeconomic, demographic and anthropometric characteristics among women with HRP screened at the main referral public health center at Bahia, Brazil, a cross-sectional study was conducted in 241 women with HRP (15-46 years old) in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The median UIC (MUIC) was 119 μg/L (25-75th, 58.7-200.4 μg/L), indicating mild iodine deficiency. Low UIC (< 150 μg/L) was detected in 61.8% (n = 149) - 18.3% between 100 and 150 μg/L, 24.5% between 50 and 100 μg/L, and 19.1% with UIC < 50 μg/L. Overall, 53% (n = 128) of our population adhered to a low-salt diet, and 32.5% (n = 77) had hypertension. Among the 73% of hypertensive women adhering to a salt-restricted diet, there was a 112% increased risk of iodine deficiency observed (OR = 2.127; 95% confidence interval [1.178-3.829]; p = 0.011). Adhering to a salt-restricted diet was associated with iodine deficiency (OR = 1.82; 95% confidence interval [1.073-3.088], p = 0,026). Hypertension and salt restriction diet significantly increased susceptibility for iodine deficiency in HRP. Therefore, low-salt diet when prescribed to pregnant women (PW) might be carefully followed by iodine nutritional status assessment or universal preconception iodine supplementation.
在怀孕期间，人体对碘的日需求量增加 50-70%，达到约 250μg/天。目前有关高危妊娠（HRP）与尿碘浓度（UIC）以及社会经济因素等变量之间关联的信息有限。为了分析巴西巴伊亚州主要转诊公共卫生中心筛查的 HRP 妇女的碘营养状况和社会经济、人口统计学及人体测量学特征，本研究在巴西萨尔瓦多对 241 名 HRP 妇女（15-46 岁）进行了一项横断面研究。中位数 UIC（MUIC）为 119μg/L（25-75 分位值，58.7-200.4μg/L），表明存在轻度碘缺乏。61.8%（n=149）的患者 UIC 较低（<150μg/L），其中 18.3%处于 100-150μg/L 之间，24.5%处于 50-100μg/L 之间，19.1%的患者 UIC<50μg/L。总体而言，53%（n=128）的人群遵循低盐饮食，32.5%（n=77）患有高血压。在 73%遵循低盐饮食的高血压女性中，碘缺乏的风险增加了 112%（OR=2.127；95%置信区间[1.178-3.829]；p=0.011）。低盐饮食与碘缺乏相关（OR=1.82；95%置信区间[1.073-3.088]；p=0.026）。高血压和低盐饮食显著增加了 HRP 患者发生碘缺乏的易感性。因此，当为孕妇开具低盐饮食处方时，可能需要仔细监测其碘营养状况或进行普遍的孕前碘补充。
