School of Natural and Computational Sciences, New Zealand Institute for Advanced Study and the Infectious Disease Research Centre, Massey University, Private Bag 102 904, North Shore Mail Centre, Auckland, New Zealand.
Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, Yalelaan 7, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands.
J R Soc Interface. 2020 Jan;17(162):20190540. doi: 10.1098/rsif.2019.0540. Epub 2020 Jan 15.
We use a previously published compartmental model of the dynamics of pathogens in ecosystems to define and explore the concepts of maintenance host, maintenance community and reservoir of infection in a full ecological context of interacting host and non-host species. We show that, contrary to their current use in the literature, these concepts can only be characterized relative to the ecosystem in which the host species are embedded, and are not 'life-history traits' of (groups of) species. We give a number of examples to demonstrate that the same (group of) host species can lose or gain maintenance or reservoir capability as a result of a changing ecosystem context, even when these changes primarily affect non-hosts. One therefore has to be careful in designating host species as either maintenance or reservoir in absolute terms.
我们使用先前发表的病原体在生态系统中动态的房室模型，在宿主和非宿主物种相互作用的完整生态背景下，定义和探索维持宿主、维持群落和感染库的概念。我们表明，与文献中目前的用法相反，这些概念只能相对于宿主物种所处的生态系统来描述，而不是（一群）物种的“生活史特征”。我们举了一些例子来说明，即使这些变化主要影响非宿主，宿主（一群）物种也会因为生态系统环境的变化而失去或获得维持或储存能力。因此，在将宿主物种指定为维持者或储库时，必须小心谨慎，不能一概而论。
