Ramirez I
Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
Physiol Behav. 1988;43(4):501-6. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(88)90125-4.
Rats fed diets containing 50-71% added water (liquid diets) eat more energy and gain more weight than rats fed the same diets without added water (solid diets). The present experiments examined the effects of making a liquid diet less palatable. The first experiment examined the effects of sucrose octaacetate on diet preference. Rats, given a choice of a liquid diet containing 0.5% sucrose octaacetate and a plain solid diet, preferred the plain solid diet for three weeks. When the concentration of sucrose octaacetate was reduced to 0.05%, the rats did not show a reliable preference for either the sucrose octaacetate liquid or plain dry diet. In subsequent experiments, each rat was given only one diet at a time. In the second experiment, rats were fed 0.5% sucrose octaacetate liquid diet for three weeks followed by 0.05% sucrose octaacetate liquid diet for another four weeks. The rats fed the sucrose octaacetate liquid diet overate and became obese compared to the rats fed plain solid diet throughout. In the third experiment, rats fed 0.5% sucrose octaacetate liquid diet for six weeks became obese compared to rats fed plain solid diet throughout. Thus, the overeating and obesity induced by liquid diets cannot be attributed solely to their high palatability.
喂食添加了50%-71%水分的饮食（液体饮食）的大鼠比喂食相同但未添加水分的饮食（固体饮食）的大鼠摄入更多能量且体重增加更多。本实验研究了降低液体饮食适口性的影响。第一个实验研究了八乙酸蔗糖酯对饮食偏好的影响。大鼠在含有0.5%八乙酸蔗糖酯的液体饮食和普通固体饮食之间进行选择时，连续三周更喜欢普通固体饮食。当八乙酸蔗糖酯的浓度降至0.05%时，大鼠对八乙酸蔗糖酯液体饮食或普通干饮食均未表现出可靠的偏好。在随后的实验中，每次只给每只大鼠一种饮食。在第二个实验中，大鼠先喂食0.5%八乙酸蔗糖酯液体饮食三周，然后再喂食0.05%八乙酸蔗糖酯液体饮食四周。与始终喂食普通固体饮食的大鼠相比，喂食八乙酸蔗糖酯液体饮食的大鼠饮食过量并变得肥胖。在第三个实验中，与始终喂食普通固体饮食的大鼠相比，喂食0.5%八乙酸蔗糖酯液体饮食六周的大鼠变得肥胖。因此，液体饮食引起的饮食过量和肥胖不能仅仅归因于其高适口性。
