Department for Work Psychology and Physiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Box 5330 Majorstuen, 0304 Oslo, Norway.
Department Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Box 5330 Majorstuen, 0304 Oslo, Norway.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jan 16;17(2):589. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17020589.
There is a plausible association between shift work and cardiovascular disease (CVD), which may be due to disruption of the circadian rhythm causing hormonal changes and metabolic disturbances, resulting in high blood pressure, atherosclerosis, diabetes, and being overweight. However, few studies have investigated the association between several consecutive long work shifts, including night shifts, and risk factors for developing CVD. Moreover, knowledge is lacking on factors that may modify or enhance this suggested relationship. The study period is planned from the third quarter of 2018 to the fourth quarter of 2021, and will involve 125 industrial employees at two Norwegian enterprises producing insulation. The work schedule is either rotating shiftwork (morning, evening, night) or regular day work. At baseline, we will measure blood parameters, including markers of inflammation, lipids, and glycosylated hemoglobin. We will also collect measures of blood pressure, resting heart rate, arterial stiffness, carotid intima-media thickness, and aerobic fitness. At the end of baseline data collection, a subgroup will undergo a supervised high-intensity interval training intervention for eight weeks, initiated by the Occupational Health Service. At one-year follow-up, we repeat baseline measures with added measures of heart rate variability and additional five weeks monitoring of sleep and physical activity, and assessment of respirable dust. At the two year follow-up, we will measure CVD risk factors before and after a planned three-month shutdown in one of the studied plants. We will also assess respirable dust, monitor sleep, and compile a one-year retrospective detailed overview of working hours. A final data collection, similar to the one at baseline, will be carried out after three years. We will use a comprehensive set of methods to identify the effects of shift work with long working hours and night shifts on cardiovascular health. This will provide new knowledge on the association between early manifestations of CVD and occupational exposure to shift work. Further, we can study whether work organization such as extensive overtime, sleep loss, and dust exposure have detrimental effects, and if a three-month cease in shift work or increased physical activity will modify early manifestations of CVD.
轮班工作与心血管疾病（CVD）之间存在合理的关联，这可能是由于昼夜节律的破坏导致激素变化和代谢紊乱，从而导致高血压、动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病和超重。然而，很少有研究调查包括夜班在内的连续几个长班轮班工作与 CVD 发病风险因素之间的关联。此外，对于可能改变或增强这种关联的因素知之甚少。该研究计划于 2018 年第三季度至 2021 年第四季度进行，将涉及挪威两家生产绝缘材料的企业的 125 名产业工人。工作时间表要么是轮班（早班、晚班、夜班），要么是正常的日班工作。在基线时，我们将测量血液参数，包括炎症标志物、脂质和糖化血红蛋白。我们还将收集血压、静息心率、动脉僵硬、颈动脉内膜中层厚度和有氧运动能力的测量值。在基线数据收集结束时，一小部分人将由职业健康服务机构启动，接受为期八周的高强度间歇训练干预。在一年随访时，我们将重复基线测量值，并增加心率变异性测量值和另外五周的睡眠和体力活动监测以及可吸入粉尘评估。在两年随访时，我们将在其中一个研究工厂计划停工三个月前后测量 CVD 风险因素。我们还将评估可吸入粉尘，监测睡眠，并编写一份为期一年的关于工作时间的详细回顾。三年后，我们将进行类似基线的最后一次数据收集。我们将使用一套综合方法来确定长工作时间和夜班轮班工作对心血管健康的影响。这将提供关于 CVD 早期表现与职业性轮班工作暴露之间关联的新知识。此外，我们可以研究工作组织（如大量加班、睡眠不足和粉尘暴露）是否有不利影响，如果停止轮班工作或增加体力活动三个月是否会改变 CVD 的早期表现。
