Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China.
Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biological Resources, Xining 810008, China.
Molecules. 2020 Jan 16;25(2):381. doi: 10.3390/molecules25020381.
Owing to overexploitation, wild resources of , a Chinese herbal plant that is widely distributed in the arid and semi-arid areas of Northern China, have gradually become exhausted, and therefore, commercial cultivation is increasingly important to meet the growing demand for astragalus and reduce the pressure on wild populations. Nitrogen level is an important factor that affects the yield and quality of . However, uniform standards for fertilization among production areas have not yet been determined. In this study, the effect of nitrogen fertilizer treatment on the yield and quality of in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was explored using a control treatment (no added nitrogen, N0) and five different nutrient levels: 37.5 kg/ha (N1), 75 kg/ha (N2), 112.5 kg/ha (N3), 150 kg/ha (N4), and 187.5 kg/ha (N5). According to grey relational analysis, the optimal nitrogen fertilizer treatment was the N4 level followed by the N5 and N2 levels. Nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased the root biomass, plant height, root length, and root diameter. However, nitrogen fertilization had no significant effect on the content of Astragaloside IV and mullein isoflavone glucoside. The content of ononin and calycosin continually accumulated throughout the growing period. The results showed that the ononin and calycosin content under N4 and N2 is higher than other levels and there is not significantly different between different nitrogen fertilizer levels about them. The content of formononetin decreased gradually with the progression of the growing season. The optimal nitrogen fertilizer treatment for is recommended to be 150 kg/ha and the content of active compounds and yield were observed to reach the maximum in October.
由于过度开采，中国北方干旱半干旱地区广泛分布的草本植物——黄芪的野生资源已逐渐枯竭，因此，商业种植对于满足黄芪日益增长的需求和减轻野生种群的压力变得越来越重要。氮素水平是影响黄芪产量和质量的重要因素。然而，各生产区还没有确定施肥的统一标准。本研究采用对照处理（不施氮，N0）和 5 种不同养分水平（N1：37.5kg/ha；N2：75kg/ha；N3：112.5kg/ha；N4：150kg/ha；N5：187.5kg/ha），探讨了氮素处理对青藏高原黄芪产量和品质的影响。根据灰色关联分析，最佳氮肥处理为 N4 处理，其次为 N5 和 N2 处理。氮肥显著增加了根生物量、株高、根长和根直径。然而，氮施肥对黄芪甲苷 IV 和毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷的含量没有显著影响。金雀异黄素和芒柄花苷的含量在整个生长期间持续积累。结果表明，N4 和 N2 条件下的金雀异黄素和芒柄花苷含量高于其他水平，不同氮素水平之间差异不显著。芒柄花苷的含量随着生长季节的推进逐渐下降。推荐黄芪的最佳氮肥施用量为 150kg/ha，10 月观察到活性化合物和产量达到最大值。
