acib - Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria.
acib - Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria; Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, NAWI Graz, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12/I, 8010 Graz, Austria; College of Tobacco Science, Guizhou University, 550025 Guiyang, China.
Biotechnol Adv. 2020 May-Jun;40:107520. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107520. Epub 2020 Jan 23.
Competitive sustainable production in industry demands new and better biocatalysts, optimized bioprocesses and cost-effective product recovery. Our review sheds light on the progress made for the individual steps towards these goals, starting with the discovery of new enzymes and their corresponding genes. The enzymes are subsequently engineered to improve their performance, combined in reaction cascades to expand the reaction scope and integrated in whole cells to provide an optimal environment for the bioconversion. Strain engineering using synthetic biology methods tunes the host for production, reaction design optimizes the reaction conditions and downstream processing ensures the efficient recovery of commercially viable products. Selected examples illustrate how modified enzymes can revolutionize future-oriented applications ranging from the bioproduction of bulk-, specialty- and fine chemicals, active pharmaceutical ingredients and carbohydrates, over the conversion of the greenhouse-gas CO into valuable products and biocontrol in agriculture, to recycling of synthetic polymers and recovery of precious metals.
工业领域的竞争可持续生产需要新型且更好的生物催化剂、优化的生物工艺和具有成本效益的产品回收。我们的综述揭示了在实现这些目标的各个步骤中所取得的进展，从发现新酶及其相应基因开始。然后对这些酶进行工程改造以提高其性能，将它们组合在反应级联中以扩大反应范围，并整合到整个细胞中为生物转化提供最佳环境。使用合成生物学方法进行菌株工程改造可调整宿主以进行生产，通过反应设计优化反应条件，下游处理确保高效回收具有商业可行性的产品。选定的实例说明了修饰酶如何彻底改变未来导向的应用，从大宗化学品、特种化学品和精细化学品的生物生产，到活性药物成分和碳水化合物的生产，再到将温室气体 CO 转化为有价值的产品以及农业中的生物防治，以及合成聚合物的回收和贵金属的回收。
