van Impelen Alfons, Merckelbach Harald, Niesten Isabella J M, Jelicic Marko, Huhnt Benno, Campo Joost Á
Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.
Berlin, Germany.
Psychiatr Psychol Law. 2016 Dec 12;24(4):530-548. doi: 10.1080/13218719.2016.1256017. eCollection 2017.
In two studies (one with 57 forensic inpatients and one with 45 prisoners) the connection between biased symptom reporting and antisocial behaviour is explored. The findings are as follows: 1) the association between symptom over-reporting and antisocial features is a) present in self-report measures, but not in behavioural measures, and b) stronger in the punitive setting than in the therapeutic setting; and 2) participants who over-report symptoms a) are prone to attribute blame for their offence to mental disorders, and b) tend to report heightened levels of antisocial features, but the reverse is not true. The data provide little support for the inclusion of antisocial behaviour (i.e. antisocial personality disorder) as a signal of symptom over-reporting (i.e. malingering) in the (). The empirical literature on symptom over-reporting and antisocial/psychopathic behaviour is discussed and it is argued that the utility of antisocial behaviour as an indicator of biased symptom reporting is unacceptably low.
在两项研究中（一项研究有57名法医住院患者，另一项研究有45名囚犯），探讨了有偏差的症状报告与反社会行为之间的联系。研究结果如下：1）症状过度报告与反社会特征之间的关联是：a）在自我报告测量中存在，但在行为测量中不存在；b）在惩罚性环境中比在治疗性环境中更强；2）过度报告症状的参与者：a）倾向于将其犯罪归咎于精神障碍；b）倾向于报告更高水平的反社会特征，但反之则不然。这些数据几乎没有支持将反社会行为（即反社会人格障碍）作为（）中症状过度报告（即诈病）的一个信号。讨论了关于症状过度报告与反社会/精神病态行为的实证文献，并认为反社会行为作为有偏差症状报告指标的效用低得令人无法接受。
