Kebbell Mark Rhys, Westera Nina
School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia.
School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia.
Psychiatr Psychol Law. 2017 Jun 22;24(6):843-852. doi: 10.1080/13218719.2017.1315786. eCollection 2017.
Police detectives come into contact with a community's most dangerous violent offenders, but there is little empirical research concerning detectives' beliefs about their characteristics. Twenty experienced detectives compared the characteristics and attributes of two offenders they believed to be the most dangerous repeat violent offenders in their community with two violent offenders who they believed to be less dangerous. Eighty offenders were identified in total. Thirteen bipolar - constructs that differentiate the most dangerous violent offenders from other violent offenders were identified. The most frequently identified themes, mentioned by three quarters or more of the detectives, are being a heavy drug user (particularly amphetamines), being impulsive, and not thinking of the consequences of one's actions. The next three themes, mentioned by half of the detectives are extensive and regular offending, breadth of offending, and wishing to portray oneself as a 'tough guy'. One theme detectives did not mention frequently is mental illness as being associated with the most violent offenders, suggesting that detectives may miss mental illness in their interactions with offenders. Detectives suggested responding to the most dangerous violent offenders with longer sentences, extensive monitoring and better intelligence.
警探会接触到社区中最危险的暴力罪犯，但关于警探对这些罪犯特征的看法，实证研究却很少。二十名经验丰富的警探将他们认为是所在社区中最危险的惯犯暴力罪犯的两名罪犯的特征与他们认为危险性较小的两名暴力罪犯的特征进行了比较。总共确定了八十名罪犯。确定了十三个将最危险的暴力罪犯与其他暴力罪犯区分开来的两极结构。四分之三或更多的警探提到的最常见主题是重度吸毒者（尤其是安非他明使用者）、冲动以及不考虑自己行为的后果。一半警探提到的接下来三个主题是广泛且经常犯罪、犯罪范围以及希望把自己塑造成“硬汉”形象。警探们没有经常提到的一个主题是精神疾病与最暴力的罪犯有关，这表明警探们在与罪犯互动时可能会忽略精神疾病。警探们建议对最危险的暴力罪犯处以更长刑期、进行广泛监控并获取更好的情报。
