Research & Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Alexandria, NSW, Australia; School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Transfus Med Rev. 2020 Apr;34(2):108-116. doi: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2019.12.001. Epub 2020 Jan 8.
Lipids and bioactive lipid mediators are essential for platelet function. The lipid profile of platelets is highly dynamic due to free exchange of lipids with the plasma, release of extracellular vesicles, and both enzymatic and nonenzymatic lipid conversion. The lipidome of platelets changes in response to activation to accommodate the functional requirements of platelets, particularly for maintenance of hemostasis. Furthermore, when stored at room temperature as a component for transfusion, the lipid profile of platelets is altered. Although there is a growing interest in alternate storage conditions, such as refrigeration and cryopreservation, few contemporary studies have examined the impact of these storage modes on the lipid profile. However, evidence exists that bioactive lipid mediators produced over the storage of blood products may have functional implications once these products are transfused. As such, there is a need to determine the changes occurring to the lipid profile of these products over storage. This review outlines the role of lipids in platelets and discusses the current state of lipidomics for studying platelet components for transfusion in an effort to highlight the necessity for additional transfusion-focused investigations.
脂质和生物活性脂质介质是血小板功能所必需的。由于与血浆之间的脂质自由交换、细胞外囊泡的释放以及酶促和非酶促脂质转化，血小板的脂质谱具有高度动态性。血小板的脂质组学在响应激活时会发生变化，以适应血小板的功能要求，特别是维持止血。此外，当作为输血成分在室温下储存时，血小板的脂质谱会发生改变。尽管人们对替代储存条件（如冷藏和冷冻保存）越来越感兴趣，但很少有现代研究检查这些储存模式对脂质谱的影响。然而，有证据表明，血液制品储存过程中产生的生物活性脂质介质一旦被输注，可能会产生功能影响。因此，有必要确定这些制品在储存过程中脂质谱发生的变化。这篇综述概述了脂质在血小板中的作用，并讨论了脂质组学在研究用于输血的血小板成分方面的现状，以强调需要进行更多以输血为重点的研究。
