Fungal infections of the skin and soft tissue.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW

This review aims to update on recent findings about epidemiology, risk factors and therapeutic options for fungi causing skin and soft tissue infections. The latest data on emerging antifungal resistance are also discussed.

RECENT FINDINGS

In parallel with increased use of immunosuppression, the incidence of fungal infections is also on rise. This increase involves not only systemic infections but also infections with primary and secondary skin involvement. Antifungal resistance has become a major issue and covers several fungal pathogens including dermatophytes, Candida spp. and, Aspergillus fumigatus. Multidisciplinary usage of newly targeted, immunomodulatory therapies may predispose patients to have fungal infections through mimicking an immunosuppressed status caused by genetic factors or the disease itself. Nonimmunosupressed patients, although less frequently than those with immunosuppression may also be vulnerable.

SUMMARY

Physicians should be aware about skin and soft tissue findings related with systemic or locally occuring mycosis. Emerging antifungal resistance may hamper the success of the treatment. Antifungal susceptibility testing is advisable wherever available and particularly when a disseminated fungal infection is present.