Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional Unidad Oaxaca, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Hornos 1003, Santa Cruz Xoxocotlán, 71230, Oaxaca, Mexico.
Laboratorio de Farmacología, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Guillermo Massieu Helguera, No. 239, Frac. La Escalera, Ticomán, 07320, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2020 May 10;253:112632. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112632. Epub 2020 Jan 25.
Prosthechea karwinskii (Mart.) J.M.H. Shaw is a Mexican orchid used in traditional medicine by some indigenous communities to treat issues related to inflammation (cough, wounds, burns, and diabetes). Pharmacological research of this orchid could validate its therapeutic uses and demonstrate its potential for treating other health conditions of high prevalence in Mexico, including those associated with oxidative stress such as diabetes, cancer, atherosclerosis, and hypertension as well as inflammation.
The leaf extract from P. karwinskii was examined to identify its compounds and elucidate its inhibitory effect on reactive oxygen species as well as its anti-inflammatory activity and gastroprotective effects in an animal model.
Compounds were identified via ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization with quadrupole time of flight-mass spectrometry. Inhibition of reactive oxygen species was determined ex vivo in peripheral blood mononuclear cells with 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate. The anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using a carrageenan-induced paw edema model in Wistar rats; nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels were quantified. The gastroprotective effect was evaluated in Wistar rats with indomethacin-induced gastric injury.
Nine compounds were identified in the P. karwinskii leaf extract. Most compounds, such as quinic acid, malic acid, neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, rutin, embelin, pinellic acid, and azelaic acid, were reported to exhibit antioxidant and/or anti-inflammatory activity. The extract was also found to inhibit reactive oxygen species in the ex vivo model. Unlike other anti-inflammatory drugs, the extract exerted a dual effect: anti-inflammatory activity and protection of the gastric mucosa. The results showed that the extract could significantly inhibit the release of nitric oxide without a dose-response relationship.
P. karwinskii leaf extract inhibited reactive oxygen species and exerted an anti-inflammatory effect. Moreover, this extract did not induce gastric damage in the animals. The bioactivity of the species was found to support its use in traditional medicine. This orchid could be used to treat inflammatory diseases without causing the side effects associated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. It can also be employed to treat other pathological conditions associated with oxidative stress. The findings herein form the basis for the future discovery of natural products that may serve as safe alternative therapies for inflammatory disorders.
Prosthechea karwinskii (Mart.) J.M.H. Shaw 是一种墨西哥兰花，一些土著社区在传统医学中用它来治疗与炎症（咳嗽、伤口、烧伤和糖尿病）相关的问题。对这种兰花的药理学研究可以验证其治疗用途，并证明其治疗墨西哥高发的其他健康状况的潜力，包括与氧化应激相关的疾病，如糖尿病、癌症、动脉粥样硬化和高血压以及炎症。
研究了 P. karwinskii 的叶提取物，以鉴定其化合物，并阐明其对活性氧的抑制作用以及在动物模型中的抗炎活性和胃保护作用。
通过超高效液相色谱与电喷雾电离-四极杆飞行时间质谱联用鉴定化合物。在体外通过 2',7'-二氯二氢荧光素二乙酸酯测定外周血单核细胞中的活性氧抑制作用。采用角叉菜胶诱导的爪肿胀模型评估抗炎活性；定量测定一氧化氮和肿瘤坏死因子-α水平。用吲哚美辛诱导的胃损伤评价 P. karwinskii 叶提取物的胃保护作用。
从 P. karwinskii 叶提取物中鉴定出 9 种化合物。大多数化合物，如奎宁酸、苹果酸、新绿原酸、绿原酸、芦丁、棓酮、胡椒酸和壬二酸，都具有抗氧化和/或抗炎活性。提取物在体外模型中也能抑制活性氧。与其他抗炎药物不同，该提取物具有双重作用：抗炎活性和胃黏膜保护作用。结果表明，该提取物能显著抑制一氧化氮的释放，且无剂量反应关系。
P. karwinskii 叶提取物抑制活性氧并发挥抗炎作用。此外，该提取物在动物体内不会引起胃损伤。该物种的生物活性支持其在传统医学中的应用。这种兰花可以用来治疗炎症性疾病，而不会引起与非甾体抗炎药相关的副作用。它也可用于治疗与氧化应激相关的其他病理状况。本研究结果为未来发现可能成为炎症性疾病安全替代疗法的天然产物奠定了基础。
