Frandsen Stine K, Vissing Mille, Gehl Julie
Center for Experimental Drug and Gene Electrotransfer (C*EDGE), Department of Clinical Oncology and Palliative Care, Zealand University Hospital, Sygehusvej 10, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Cancers (Basel). 2020 Jan 25;12(2):290. doi: 10.3390/cancers12020290.
Calcium electroporation is a potential novel anti-cancer treatment where high calcium concentrations are introduced into cells by electroporation, a method where short, high voltage pulses induce transient permeabilisation of the plasma membrane allowing passage of molecules into the cytosol. Calcium is a tightly regulated, ubiquitous second messenger involved in many cellular processes including cell death. Electroporation increases calcium uptake leading to acute and severe ATP depletion associated with cancer cell death. This comprehensive review describes published data about calcium electroporation applied in vitro, in vivo, and clinically from the first publication in 2012. Calcium electroporation has been shown to be a safe and efficient anti-cancer treatment in clinical studies with cutaneous metastases and recurrent head and neck cancer. Normal cells have been shown to be less affected by calcium electroporation than cancer cells and this difference might be partly induced by differences in membrane repair, expression of calcium transporters, and cellular structural changes. Interestingly, both clinical data and preclinical studies have indicated a systemic immune response induced by calcium electroporation. New cancer treatments are needed, and calcium electroporation represents an inexpensive and efficient treatment with few side effects, that could potentially be used worldwide and for different tumor types.
钙电穿孔是一种潜在的新型抗癌治疗方法，通过电穿孔将高浓度的钙导入细胞，电穿孔是一种利用短时间高电压脉冲诱导质膜瞬时通透化，使分子进入细胞质的方法。钙是一种受到严格调控的普遍存在的第二信使，参与包括细胞死亡在内的许多细胞过程。电穿孔增加钙摄取，导致与癌细胞死亡相关的急性和严重ATP耗竭。这篇综述描述了自2012年首次发表以来，有关钙电穿孔在体外、体内及临床应用的已发表数据。在皮肤转移癌和复发性头颈癌的临床研究中，钙电穿孔已被证明是一种安全有效的抗癌治疗方法。已表明正常细胞受钙电穿孔的影响小于癌细胞，这种差异可能部分是由膜修复、钙转运蛋白表达及细胞结构变化的差异引起的。有趣的是，临床数据和临床前研究均表明钙电穿孔可诱导全身免疫反应。需要新的癌症治疗方法，钙电穿孔是一种廉价且高效、副作用少的治疗方法，有可能在全球范围内用于不同肿瘤类型。
