Stimulation of progesterone secretion by cultured human granulosa cells with melatonin and catecholamines.

Granulosa cells, aspirated from the follicles of patients undergoing treatment for in-vitro fertilization, were cultured in serum-supplemented medium. Adrenaline and noradrenaline stimulated a dose-related increase in progesterone secretion with a maximum stimulation at 10(-5) M, a response that was prevented by the beta-antagonist, propranolol. Adrenaline and hCG showed similar characteristics in their stimulation of progesterone secretion but there was no further increase in progesterone when the 2 compounds were added together. Melatonin stimulated progesterone secretion and, like adrenaline, this stimulation was prevented by propranolol. The ability of both adrenaline and melatonin to increase progesterone secretion was dependent on the degree of follicular development, as determined by peripheral oestradiol concentrations, on the day of laparoscopy. These results suggest that adrenaline and melatonin may have a physiological role in modulating luteal function and that melatonin may act by a beta-adrenergic-related mechanism.