Environmental Biology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Apr;27(11):12293-12307. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-07649-z. Epub 2020 Jan 28.
In this study, we investigated metal- and metalloid-induced oxidative stress response in two aquatic (cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis) (n = 10), pond heron (Ardeola grayii) (n = 10)), as well as two terrestrial (spotted owlet (Athene brama) (n = 6) and bank myna (Acridotheres ginginianus) (n = 16)) bird species collected from the outskirts of Lahore city, Pakistan. For this purpose, glutathione (tGSH) and lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS)) levels and activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD); catalase (CAT)) were analyzed as biomarkers of oxidative stress against metal (Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn) and metalloid (As) concentrations in kidney liver and blood of birds. Our results depicted significant correlation for Pb, Cd, and As with oxidative stress biomarkers in birds. The levels of heavy metals and As and their corresponding effects on oxidative stress biomarkers were comparably higher in aquatic species (p ≤ 0.01) except for Pb and Zn. In comparison of species, SOD and tGSH activities were higher in bank myna and cattle egret, while CAT activity and TBARS concentrations were higher in pond heron and cattle egret, respectively. We deduced that tissues with higher accumulation of metal(loid)s such as liver and kidney were under a great risk to oxidative damage. The overall order of metal accumulation and subsequent oxidative damage among families followed the pattern as Strigidae ≥Ardieda ≥ Sturnidae with their respective trophic levels. Globally, metal- and As-induced oxidative stress is least emphasized in multiple tissues of birds that is needed to be addressed with focus on case-control studies using dose-response approach. Graphical abstract .
在这项研究中，我们调查了两种水鸟（牛背鹭（Bubulcus ibis）（n = 10）和池鹭（Ardeola grayii）（n = 10））以及两种陆鸟（点斑林鸮（Athene brama）（n = 6）和八哥（Acridotheres ginginianus）（n = 16））体内金属和类金属诱导的氧化应激反应，这些鸟类均采集自巴基斯坦拉合尔市郊区。为此，我们分析了谷胱甘肽（tGSH）和脂质过氧化（硫代巴比妥酸反应物质（TBARS））水平以及抗氧化酶（超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）；过氧化氢酶（CAT））的活性，以作为鸟类氧化应激的生物标志物，用于反映金属（Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn）和类金属（As）在鸟类肾脏和血液中的浓度。我们的研究结果表明，Pb、Cd 和 As 与鸟类氧化应激生物标志物之间存在显著相关性。除 Pb 和 Zn 外，重金属和 As 的水平及其对氧化应激生物标志物的相应影响在水鸟中更高（p ≤ 0.01）。在物种比较中，SOD 和 tGSH 活性在八哥和牛背鹭中较高，而 CAT 活性和 TBARS 浓度在池鹭和牛背鹭中较高。我们推断，肝脏和肾脏等金属（类金属）蓄积量较高的组织更容易受到氧化损伤。金属蓄积和随后的氧化损伤在科之间的总体顺序为Strigidae≥Ardieda≥Sturnidae，与它们各自的营养水平相对应。总体而言，鸟类多个组织中金属和 As 诱导的氧化应激未得到充分重视，需要通过使用剂量-反应方法进行病例对照研究来重点关注这一问题。
