Faculty of Biotechnology, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Shriramswaroop Memorial University Lucknow-Deva Road, Barabanki, U.P., India.
Gene. 2020 Apr 30;736:144414. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144414. Epub 2020 Jan 30.
Development of drug resistance in P. falciparum is one of the major problems associated with malaria treatment. Parasite genetic factors such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and copy number variations (CNV) have shown their role in drug resistance. Most of the studies have focused on the role of SNPs and drug resistance in parasite. However, it has also been shown that CNV is associated with adaptation and drug resistance in parasite. Hence, exploration of copy number polymorphism in essential genes of P. falciparum and their role in anti-malarial resistance is important. This review provides the recent information related to genetic profile of CNV marker in plasmepsin and other genes associated with drugresistanceinP. falciparum. It may be suggested that CNVs in plasmepsin genes are the major driver of piperaquine resistance. Moreover, CNVs in pfcrt and pfmdr1genes appear to play important role in adaptation and hence survival of the parasite. It may be hypothesized that targeting of CNV formation in the parasite could be beneficial for breakdown of its adaption in response to drug pressure.
疟原虫耐药性的发展是与疟疾治疗相关的主要问题之一。寄生虫遗传因素，如单核苷酸多态性（SNP）和拷贝数变异（CNV），已显示出它们在耐药性中的作用。大多数研究都集中在 SNP 和寄生虫耐药性的作用上。然而，也有研究表明，CNV 与寄生虫的适应性和耐药性有关。因此，探索疟原虫必需基因的拷贝数多态性及其在抗疟耐药性中的作用非常重要。本综述提供了与疟原虫中与耐药性相关的质体朊酶和其他基因的 CNV 标记的遗传特征相关的最新信息。可以推测，质体朊酶基因中的 CNV 是哌喹耐药的主要驱动因素。此外，pfcrt 和 pfmdr1 基因中的 CNV 似乎在寄生虫的适应中发挥重要作用，从而有助于寄生虫的存活。可以假设针对寄生虫中 CNV 形成的靶向治疗可能有利于破坏寄生虫对药物压力的适应。
