Suryaman G K, Soejoedono R D, Setiyono A, Poetri O N, Handharyani E
Department of Clinic Reproduction and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University, Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB, Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia.
Department of Animal Disease and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University, Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB, Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia.
Vet World. 2019 Nov;12(11):1797-1805. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.1797-1805. Epub 2019 Nov 19.
Avian coronavirus has a wide range of hosts, from chickens and turkeys to wild birds. This virus causes an economically and, possibly, environmentally, important loss in the poultry industry. Therefore, research into the avian coronavirus in various species of birds is required. The Eclectus parrot () is an endemic bird to Indonesia and Northern Australia and often kept as pets. At present, there has been limited information about avian coronavirus infection among birds. This study aimed to determine the presence of and to characterize avian coronavirus isolated from Eclectus parrots in Indonesia.
Cloacal swab samples were taken from 10 healthy Eclectus parrots (). Each isolate was propagated into specific pathogen-free embryonated chicken eggs. The presence of avian coronavirus was determined using three sets of primers targeting the 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR) of avian coronavirus (UTR41+/11-), the N gene of the infectious bronchitis virus (IBVN+/-), and the S1 gene of the IBV (XCE2+/XCE2-). The infectious bronchitis vaccine strain H120 was used as a positive control. Resulting positive bands were sequenced for the S1 gene.
None of the isolates was positive for the 3'-UTR, four isolates were positive for the N gene of infectious bronchitis, and two isolates were positive for the S1 gene of the IBV. However, only one isolate (parrot/Indonesia/BX9/16) was sequenced for the partial S1 gene with primers XCE2+/XCE2-. The partial nucleotide sequence of this isolate showed 100% homology with the IBV GI-13 lineage, specifically with a field isolate of the 4/91 variant 1 Israel and the 4/91 vaccine on the hypervariable region 3 site of the S1 gene.
An IB-like avian coronavirus was isolated from healthy Eclectus parrots. Our results indicate that IBV has a wide range of hosts, which prompt the need to understand the interspecies connection of this virus better.
禽冠状病毒宿主范围广泛，包括鸡、火鸡及野生鸟类。该病毒给家禽业造成了经济损失，甚至可能带来环境影响。因此，需要对不同鸟类物种中的禽冠状病毒展开研究。折衷鹦鹉是印度尼西亚和澳大利亚北部的特有鸟类，常被当作宠物饲养。目前，关于鸟类中禽冠状病毒感染的信息有限。本研究旨在确定印度尼西亚折衷鹦鹉中禽冠状病毒的存在情况并对其进行特征描述。
从10只健康折衷鹦鹉采集泄殖腔拭子样本。每个分离株接种到无特定病原体的鸡胚中进行增殖。使用三组引物来确定禽冠状病毒的存在，这三组引物分别靶向禽冠状病毒的3'非翻译区（3'-UTR）（UTR41+/11-）、传染性支气管炎病毒的N基因（IBVN+/-）以及传染性支气管炎病毒的S1基因（XCE2+/XCE2-）。传染性支气管炎疫苗株H120用作阳性对照。对得到的阳性条带进行S1基因测序。
所有分离株的3'-UTR均为阴性，4个分离株的传染性支气管炎N基因呈阳性，2个分离株的传染性支气管炎病毒S1基因呈阳性。然而，仅一个分离株（鹦鹉/印度尼西亚/BX9/16）用引物XCE2+/XCE2-对部分S1基因进行了测序。该分离株的部分核苷酸序列与传染性支气管炎病毒GI-13谱系具有100%的同源性，具体与以色列4/91变异株1的一株野外分离株以及S1基因高变区3位点的4/91疫苗具有同源性。
从健康折衷鹦鹉中分离出了一种类似传染性支气管炎病毒的禽冠状病毒。我们的结果表明，传染性支气管炎病毒宿主范围广泛，这促使我们需要更好地了解该病毒的种间联系。
